The report was put together for the Council for National Open Science Coordination (CoNOSC) by SPARC Europe. It investigates the needs of national policymakers, presenting key takeaways from interviews with CoNOSC members’ representatives - national OS coordinators, ministry officials, research funders and other policymaking decision-makers. SPARC Europe conducted interviews with 30 representatives from 18 different European nations during January and February 2022, as well as with the Deputy Head of the Open Science Unit from the European Commission, which attends CoNOSC as an observer. The interviews were designed to identify what activities and areas would provide the most significant value through collaboration at CoNOSC without duplicating any current efforts.