Data from manuscript Human pressure drives biodiversity–multifunctionality relationships in neotropical wetlands. Moi et al. This is a dataset compiled from 72 lakes distributed across four neotropical wetlands of Brazil (Amazon, Araguaia, Pantanal, and Paraná). Dataset included single ecosystem functions: nutrient concentrations (in situ measurements of N and P water concentrations), metabolism (daily changes in water O2 concentration), biomass at multiple trophic levels (algae, herbivores, carnivores, detritivores, and omnivores), microorganism abundance (bacterial cell densities), availability of photosynthetically active radiation (light availability underwater), and variation in habitat complexity under water (variation in plant above-bottom cover). Dataset also included measures of aquatic biodiversity, including species richness and functional diversity of seven organismal groups (fish, aquatic macrophytes, microcrustaceans, rotifers, phytoplankton, ciliates, and testate amoebae). Finally, the dataset includes measures of ecosystem multifunctionality, human pressure (Human Footprint), and local environmental covariates (depth, conductivity, pH, precipitation, temperature). All data came from standardized samples.