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Modelos de desarrollo en tensión: ¿nuevos horizontes en clave cultural?

Authors: Manzanelli, Macarena;

Modelos de desarrollo en tensión: ¿nuevos horizontes en clave cultural?

Abstract

Los modelos de desarrollo hegemónicos poseen una contradicción inherente en tanto presentan discursivamente objetivos de crecimiento equitativo, inclusión y participación de actores subalternizados. No obstante, en la práctica, continúan sustentándose en industrias extractivistas y de uso intensivo de los recursos naturales, lo cual provoca la ampliación de las brechas de desigualdad entre distintos sectores de la población y conflictos territoriales que afectan sus vidas cotidianas. Considerando lo indicado, analizo, por un lado, la propuesta política de un colectivo de pueblos originarios para la elaboración de proyectos de ley referido a uno de los puntos centrales al momento de debatir la noción de desarrollo: el acceso, control y usos de los territorios, de sus recursos y bienes (año 2015, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina). Por otro lado, refiero al relevamiento de prácticas territoriales de dos comunidades-Pueblo diaguitas del valle de Choromoro (Tucumán, noroeste argentino) durante los años 2017 y 2019. Ambas investigaciones fueron realizadas a través del método etnográfico reflexivo. Dichas propuestas y experiencias, al contemplar variables culturales-étnicas, constituyen aportes importantes para pensar críticamente nuevos horizontes de desarrollo posibles.

Os modelos hegemônicos de desenvolvimento têm uma contradição inerente, na medida em que apresentam discursivamente objetivos de crescimento eqüitativo, inclusão e participação de atores subalternizados. No entanto, na prática, continuam a contar com indústrias extrativas e uso intensivo de recursos naturais, o que leva a amplas disparidades de desigualdade entre os diferentes setores da população e a conflitos territoriais que afetam suas vidas diárias. Considerando o exposto, analiso, por um lado, a proposta política de uma organização política indígena para a elaboração de projetos de lei referentes a um dos pontos centrais do debate sobre a noção de desenvolvimento: acesso, controle e usos dos territórios , de seus recursos e ativos (ano de 2015, cidade autônoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina). Por outro lado, refiro-me ao levantamento de práticas territoriais de duas comunidades Diaguita-Pueblo do Vale Choromoro (Tucumán) durante os anos de 2017 e 2019. Ambas as investigações foram realizadas por meio de um trabalho etnográfico reflexivo. Tais propostas e experiências, ao considerar variáveis étnico-culturais, constituem contribuições importantes para pensar criticamente sobre novos possíveis horizontes de desenvolvimento.

Hegemonic models of development have an inherent contradiction in that they discursively present objectives of equitable growth, inclusion, and participation of subalternized actors. However, in practice, they continue to rely on extractive industries and intensive use of natural resources, which leads to widening inequality gaps between different sectors of the population and territorial conflicts that affect their daily lives. Considering the above, I analyze, on the one hand, the political proposal of an indigenous political organization for the preparation of bills referring to one of the central points at the time of debating the notion of development: access, control and uses of the territories , of its resources and assets (year 2015, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina). On the other hand, I refer to the survey of territorial practices of two Diaguita-Pueblo communities of the Choromoro valley (Tucumán) during the years 2017 and 2019. Both investigations were carried out through reflective ethnographic work. Said proposals and experiences, when considering cultural-ethnic variables, constitute important contributions to critically think about new possible development horizons.

Fil: Manzanelli, Macarena del Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Matanza. Departamento de Derecho y Ciencia Politica; Argentina

Country
Argentina
Keywords

H1-99, DESARROLLO, Derechos humanos y de los pueblos, POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS, desarrollo, PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS, Social sciences (General), https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.6, TERRITORIO, políticas públicas, recursos naturales, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5, territorio, pueblos indígenas, Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform, HN1-995

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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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