This dataset includes time series Sentinel-1 images and paddy rice labeling in South Korea for ML/DL model training. It consists of 7,762 training patches and 5,180 validation patches for each patch consists of 256 x 256 pixels. The dataset is saved in hdf5 format separated into training/valdation data, image/labeling, and part number which can be accessed by key: {tr/va}_{im/lb}_{0~4}. According to the phonological stage of paddy rice, the Sentinel-1 images were acquired through 8-time steps from May 10 to October 20 in 20 days’ interval. In order for the images to capture similar features of rice invariant to more or less difference of growth, minimum and maximum value composite were used at transplanting season and ripening season each. The acquisition year for each patch varies from 2017 to 2019 since it was matched to that of labeling source. The paddy rice labeling is a rasterized version of farm map produced by Korean Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs(MAFRA). The original source data was produced by visual interpreted by high-resolution satellite images and aerial photos referring the other national GIS data and it is accessible through the national open data platform (http://data.nsdi.go.kr/dataset/20210707ds00001). As the data is distributed in a vector format, it was converted to 10 m x 10 m raster format which is compatible to the Sentinel-1, and used for labeling the images.