Background: To evaluate whether in pediatric patients requiring mechanical ventilation does volume control ventilation as compared to pressure control ventilation improve the oxygenation and other airway parameters . We conducted a randomized , prospective study on 133 patient who were randomly allocated in volume control and pressure control modes and the partial pressure of oxygen and carbon-di-oxide in the blood gas analysis of patients in both the groups were compared . Results: The results of outcome variables were suggestive of improved oxygenation but raised airway pressure in VC group compared to PC. Conclusions: Improved oxygenation was observed in Volume control mode as compared to pressure control mode . However airway pressure was significantly higher in the volume control group . The difference in outcome due to these differences needs further research.