Subgenus WILHELMIA Enderlein Simulium balcanicum (Enderlein) Grinchuk (1969c, notes on general polytene features): Russia Grinchuk & Chubareva (1974, description; photos of IIS, IIIS, nucleolar region, and polytene complement): Russia Grinchuk & Chubareva (1975, level of heterozygosity in populations): Russia Chubareva & Petrova (1979, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Russia Chubareva & Petrova (2003, notes on general polytene features): Russia Adler, Inci, Yildrim, Seitz & Duzlu (2012, notes on relation to S. lineatum): Germany, Turkey Adler, Inci, Yildirim, Duzlu, McCreadie, Kúdela, Khazeni, Brúderová, Seitz, Takaoka, Otsuka & Bass (2015, characterization; inversions mapped; photos of partial IS, IL, and IIIL; resolution relative to Wilhelmia standard): Austria, Germany, Greece, Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Turkey Simulium equinum (Linnaeus) Debaisieux & Gastaldi (1919, first mention of polytene chromosomes in Simuliidae, illustration of polytene fragment; as Melusina maculata): France Bauer (1935, early note on loose pairing of polytene chromosomes; as Simulium maculatum): [Germany] Montalenti (1947, chiasma interference across the centromere in male meiosis, description of chiasmata, drawings of metaphase complement): Italy Beermann (1962, low-magnification photo of polytene complement, note on pairing of homologues; as Simulium ‘spec.’): [Germany] Grinchuk (1968, description; photos of all chromosomes, centromere regions, and selected polymorphisms; polymorphism frequencies; relative polytene chromosome lengths): European Russia Grinchuk (1969a, idiograms; photos of CI region, ends of IIS and IIIS, polymorphisms, and low-magnification polytene complement; polytene chromosome lengths; seasonal polymorphism): European Russia Grinchuk (1969b, characterization, idiograms, photos of all polytene chromosomes and selected polymorphisms, relative polytene chromosome lengths): Belarus, Russia, Sweden Grinchuk (1969c, avetjanae suggested as synonym of equinum, characterization, polymorphism data, relative polytene chromosome lengths): Armenia, Belarus, Russia, Sweden Grinchuk (1970, avetjanae established as synonym of equinum; photos of all arms, metaphase complement, and selected polymorphisms; polytene chromosome lengths; as Wilhelmia avetjanae and W. equina): Armenia Grinchuk & Chubareva (1972, comparison with S. pseudequinum [as W. mediterranea], description, photos of CI region, polytene chromosome relative lengths): European Russia Grinchuk & Chubareva (1974, photos of IIS, IIIS, centromere region of chromosome I, and polytene complement): (country unspecified) Knoz & Chubareva (1974, description, notes on comparison with S. lineatum [as W. salopiensis]): Czech Republic Grinchuk & Chubareva (1975, idiograms; photos of IIS, IIIS, base of IS, and low-magnification polytene complement; polytene chromosome relative lengths; as Wilhelmia avetjanae and W. equina): Armenia, Russia Skaer & Whytock (1975, photos of serial sections of polytene chromosomes in live salivary gland, thickness of polytene chromosomes): Britain (England) Knoz, Grinchuk & Chubareva (1976, description; photos of all arms, metaphase complement, and selected polymorphisms): Belarus, Czech Republic, Russia Chubareva & Petrova (1979, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths; as W. equina and W. avetjanae): Armenia, Belarus, Czech Republic, Russia Dunbar in Rothfels (1979, whole-arm interchange [IS + IIL, IL + IIS]): [European Russia] Chubareva & Bulli (1983, description; equivalence of S. equinum bianchii and S. equinum equinum; photos of all chromosomes, metaphase complement, and selected polymorphisms; polytene chromosome lengths; as W. equina bianchii): Ukraine Weber (1985, reference not seen): Germany Weber & Grunewald (1989, characterization, idiogram, inversions mapped, photos of centromere regions and all arms except IIIS, resolution relative to Wilhelmia subgeneric standard, whole-arm interchange [IS + IIL, IL + IIS]): Germany Chubareva & Petrova (2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Armenia, Belarus, Czech Republic, Russia, Sweden Kachvoryan, Petrova & Chubareva (2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths; as W. avetjanae and W. equina): Armenia, Russia Chubareva & Petrova (2004, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Russia Chubareva, Petrova & Reva (2007, description, photos of all polytene chromosomes and metaphase complement, polytene chromosome lengths, whole-arm interchange [IS + IIL, IL + IIS]): Czech Republic, Russia Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths): Belarus, Czech Republic, Russia Simulium lineatum (Meigen) Knoz & Chubareva (1974, description, notes on comparison with S. equinum; as W. salopiensis): Czech Republic Knoz, Grinchuk & Chubareva (1976, description, low-resolution photo of polytene complement; as W. salopiensis): Czech Republic Chubareva & Petrova (1979, 2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths; as W. salopiensis): Czech Republic Weber (1985, reference not seen): Germany Weber & Grunewald (1989, characterization, idiogram, inversions mapped, partial resolution relative to Wilhelmia subgeneric standard, photos of chromocenter and all arms, whole-arm interchange [IS + IIL, IL + IIS]): Germany Chubareva, Petrova & Reva (2007, description, photos of all polytene chromosomes and metaphase complement, polytene chromosome lengths, whole-arm interchange [IS + IIL, IL + IIS]; as W. salopiensis): Czech Republic Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description, photos of chromocenter and metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths; as W. salopiensis): Czech Republic Adler, Inci, Yildrim, Seitz & Duzlu (2012, notes on relation to S. balcanicum and possibility of cytoforms): Germany Adler, Inci, Yildirim, Duzlu, McCreadie, Kúdela, Khazeni, Brúderová, Seitz, Takaoka, Otsuka & Bass (2015, characterization, inversions mapped, resolution relative to Wilhelmia standard): Britain (England), France, Germany, Italy, Poland Simulium paraequinum Puri Grinchuk (1969c, description; as W. paraequina transcaucasica): Armenia Chubareva & Petrova (1975, polytene chromosome lengths; as W. lineata): (country unspecified) Grinchuk & Chubareva (1975, idiograms; photos of IIS, IIIS, base of IS, and metaphase and low-magnification polytene complements; polytene chromosome relative lengths; as W. lineata and W. paraequina transcaucasica): Armenia, Ukraine (Crimea) Chubareva & Petrova (1979, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths; as W. lineata and W. paraequina transcaucasica): Armenia, Ukraine (Crimea) Chubareva & Petrova (2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths; as W. lineata and W. paraequina): Armenia, Ukraine (Crimea) Chubareva, Petrova & Kachvoryan (2003, photo of chromocenter; as W. lineata): Armenia Kachvoryan, Petrova & Chubareva (2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Armenia Petrova, Chubareva, Adler & Kachvoryan (2003, description; drawings of chromocenters; inversion frequencies; new cytoforms recognized [‘A’ and ‘B’]; photos of all arms, chromocenters, metaphase and polytene complements, and polymorphisms; whole-arm interchange [IS + IIL, IL + IIS]): Armenia Chubareva, Petrova & Reva (2007, description, photos of all polytene chromosomes and metaphase complement, polytene chromosome lengths, whole-arm interchange [IS + IIL, IL + IIS]; as W. lineata): Ukraine (Crimea) Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths, whole-arm interchange [IS + IIL, IL + IIS]; as W. lineata and W. paraequina): Armenia, Ukraine (Crimea) Simulium pseudequinum Séguy Grinchuk (1969c, description; as W. mediterranea): Georgia Grinchuk & Chubareva (1972, comparison with S. equinum, description, idiogram, photos of all polytene chromosomes and selected polymorphisms, polytene chromosome relative lengths; as W. mediterranea): Georgia Chubareva, Grinchuk & Kachvoryan (1974, description and photos of polytene chromosomes of autotriploid; as W. mediterranea): Georgia Grinchuk & Chubareva (1975, idiogram, polytene chromosome relative lengths; as W. mediterranea): Georgia Chubareva & Petrova (1979, 2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths; as W. mediterranea): Georgia Kachvoryan, Petrova & Chubareva (2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths; as W. mediterranea): Armenia Chubareva, Petrova & Reva (2007, description, photos of all polytene chromosomes and metaphase complement, whole-arm interchange [IS + IIL, IL + IIS]): Georgia Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths): Armenia, Georgia Simulium takahasii (Rubtsov) Fujii & Kimoto (1955, drawings of short sections of polytene chromosomes, effects of pH on polytene chromosome structure; as S. salopiense): Japan Adler, Inci, Yildirim, Duzlu, McCreadie, Kúdela, Khazeni, Brúderová, Seitz, Takaoka, Otsuka & Bass (2015, characterization, inversions mapped, photos of IIIS and partial IIIL, resolution relative to Wilhelmia standard): Japan Simulium turgaicum Rubtsov Grinchuk (1969c, notes on general polytene features): Russia Grinchuk & Chubareva (1974, description; photos of IIS, IIIS, nucleolar region, and metaphase and polytene complements): Russia Chubareva & Petrova (1979, 2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Armenia Kachvoryan, Petrova & Chubareva (2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Armenia Adler, Inci, Yildrim, Seitz & Duzlu (2012, notes on relation to S. balcanicum; as S. lineatum): Turkey Adler, Inci, Yildirim, Duzlu, McCreadie, Kúdela, Khazeni, Brúderová, Seitz, Takaoka, Otsuka & Bass (2015, characterization; inversions mapped; photos of B chromosomes, chromocenter, and all arms; resolution relative to Wilhelmia standard; revalidation): Armenia, Iran, Turkey Simulium veltistshevi Rubtsov Grinchuk & Chubareva (1975, idiogram; photos of IIS, IIIS, base of IS, and metaphase and low-magnification polytene complements; polytene chromosome relative lengths): Tajikistan Chubareva & Petrova (1979, 2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Tajikistan Chubareva, Petrova & Kachvoryan (2003, photo of chromocenter): Tajikistan Chubareva, Petrova & Reva (2007, description, photos of all polytene chromosomes and metaphase complement [mislabeled in fig. 5 as Wilhelmia salopiensis], polytene chromosome lengths, whole-arm interchange [IS + IIL, IL + IIS]): Tajikistan Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description, photos of chromocenter and metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths): Tajikistan Simulium xingyiense Chen & Zhang Zhang & Chen (2000, description, lengths, and photos of metaphase complement): China Huang, Zhang, Jiang & Chen (2012, description; low-resolution photos of all arms, chromocenters, selected polymorphisms, and polytene complement; polytene chromosome relative lengths): China

Published as part of Adler, Peter H. & Crosskey, Roger W., 2015, Cytotaxonomy of the Simuliidae (Diptera): a systematic and bibliographic conspectus, pp. 1-139 in Zootaxa 3975 (1) on pages 105-108, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3975.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/192364