The causes of type I diabetes are unknown, but rather it is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The main mechanism involves the autoimmune process of beta cells producing insulin in the pancreas. Recent studies confirm that the autoimmune destruction of islets is caused by dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiome or persistent enterovirus infections. diabetes is diagnosed by checking the level of sugar or glycated hemoglobin (hba1c) in the blood. Type 1 diabetes can be distinguished from type 2 by checking it for autoantibodies. There is no known way to prevent type 1 diabetes. insulin treatment is required for life. Insulin treatment is usually given only by injection under the skin, but there may also be side effects. Diabetic diet and exercise are an important part of management. Diabetes can cause many complications if left untreated. Relatively fast-onset complications. Long-term complications include heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, leg ulcers and eye damage. In addition, since insulin lowers blood sugar, complications can occur if you take more insulin than necessary, low blood sugar.