Nowadays, thanks to the rise of microbial resistance, the lack of health care personnel and especially the high cost of synthetic molecules, phytotherapy could be a panacea in many developing countries. For this reason, the present work which aims to evaluate the phenolic compounds and to study the antibacterial capacity of extracts of roots, stems, leaves and fruits of Solanum incanum L., (Solanaceae) traditionally used for the treatment of pasteurellosis or avian cholera in Burkina Faso, was undertaken. For this purpose, we collected plant material in the commune of Dedougou. After extraction with acetone and water, colorimetric tests were carried out on the different extracts and revealed mostly the presence of tannins and coumarins. The Hydroacetone macerated extract was found to be very interesting for biological activities compared to the macerated extracts and the aqueous decoctions. Inhibition of bacterial growth on different bacterial strains was also shown for all the extracts, especially with Hydroacetone extract. These results could be mainly explained by the inhibitory effect of phenolic compounds. The Hydroacetone extract was also found to be especially very relevant for the prevention and treatment of microbial diseases from poultry.