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Para onde foi a lama da barragem de Fundão (Mariana, Minas Gerais)? A distribuição dos rejeitos ao longo dos vales fluviais afetados pelo desastre da Samarco/Vale/BHP

Authors: Felippe, Miguel Fernandes; Mendes, Laís Carneiro;

Para onde foi a lama da barragem de Fundão (Mariana, Minas Gerais)? A distribuição dos rejeitos ao longo dos vales fluviais afetados pelo desastre da Samarco/Vale/BHP

Abstract

Após o rompimento de uma barragem com mais de 60 milhões de m³ de rejeitos de ferro, localizada em Mariana, Minas Gerais, um enorme fluxo de detritos e lama alterou a morfologia e morfodinâmica dos vales fluviais a jusante. Parte dos rejeitos foi levada até o Oceano Atlântico, mas um grande volume permanece acomodado no fundo dos vales fluviais da bacia do rio Doce. Surge então a pergunta: onde esses sedimentos se acomodaram? Uma resposta breve indicaria que quanto mais perto da barragem, mais largos são os depósitos. Mas isso não é o que encontramos no campo. Níveis de base (locais e regionais) como cachoeiras, corredeiras e confluências desempenham um papel importante no controle da energia do rio e, portanto, das zonas de deposição sedimentar. Este trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar a relação entre a largura dos depósitos de rejeitos ao longo dos vales afetados pelo rompimento da Barragem do Fundão e o perfil geomorfológico dos rios. Utilizamos uma abordagem topográfica, baseada em dados de radar e imagens de satélite, associada a excursões de campo para interpretar a distribuição longitudinal de rejeitos. Os resultados reforçam a relevância dos knickpoints para compreender a tragédia e a fragilidade de modelos automáticos e simplistas para prever os efeitos do rompimento de barragens.

Keywords

Physical geography, Geography (General), Antropogeomorfologia, Mariana-MG, mariana-mg, nível de base, mineração, G1-922, antropogeomorfologia, GB3-5030

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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