These are the lecture slides used at FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany for the lecture "Medical Engineering". This class gives a complete and comprehensive introduction to the fields of medical imaging systems, as designed for a broad range of applications. The authors of the book first explain the foundations of system theory and image processing, before highlighting several modalities in a dedicated chapter. The initial focus is on modalities that are closely related to traditional camera systems such as endoscopy and microscopy. This is followed by more complex image formation processes: magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray projection imaging, computed tomography, X-ray phase-contrast imaging, nuclear imaging, ultrasound, and optical coherence tomography. Open Access Link to the Text Book: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-96520-8#about Link to Video Recordings on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vvftvjnXzsY&list=PLpOGQvPCDQzsgK1XuhUXO8r9M4WRqhvDf