Abstract. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) refers to the cohort of the most common human diseases. A characteristic feature of the course of COPD is the development of exacerbations. One of the main causes of exacerbation of COPD can be microbial infection. The question of the use of antibacterial drugs in exacerbation of COPD remains relevant today. Aim of the work was to investigate the antibiotic resistance of strains of microorganisms isolated from sputum in patients with COPD of professional etiology of mining workers. Object and methods of research. The results of microbiological studies of sputum in 300 patients were analyzed together with the indication of the main clinical symptoms were identified. The material for microbiological study was spontaneously extruded sputum, obtained from patients before treatment. Research results and their discussion. The results of our bacteriological studies showed that the dominant microorganisms in the sputum patients with exacerbation of COPD of professional etiology were: S. aureus (26.7%), C. albicans (22.3%), K. pneumoniae (10.9%), E. coli (9.3%), S. viridans (5.7%) and S. epidermidis (5.5%). The highest sensitivity of gram-positive microorganisms culture was to cephalosporin III generation ��� cefoperazone, from 8.6% (13/151) to 12.5% (9/72). According to our data, gram-negative bacteria isolated from patients with COPD of professional etiology showed sensitivity to cephalosporins 1.4% (6/420) ��� 12.6% (11/87), aminoglycosides 1.7% (7/420) ��� 11.5% (10/87), chloramphenicol 9.0% (38/420) ��� 12.0% (17/142), quinolones 1.1% (1/87) ��� 11.5% (10/87). Gramnegative bacteria had the highest sensitivity to cefoperazone, from 5.6% (8/142) to 12.6% (11/87). Also, high sensitivity, 5.5% (23/420) ��� 10.6% (15/142), was characteristic of ceftriaxone. Our studies showed that C. albicans were the most susceptible to clotrimazole ��� 34.1% (94/276). In terms of its antifungal activity, nystatin is in the second place ��� 25.7% (71/276), after clotrimazole. Conclusions. The leading positions in the species composition of the respiratory microflora of patients with COPD of occupational etiology include: S. aureus, C. albicans, K. pneumoniae, E. coli. The most sensitive isolated bacteria were to the antibiotics of the cephalosporins group. The antimycotic clotrimazole exhibited the highest activity in relation to fungi of C. albicans species.