Data repository for: Rakovec, O., Samaniego, L., Hari, V., Markonis, Y., Moravec, V., Thober, S., Hanel, M., Kumar, R. (2022). The 2018-2020 multi-year drought sets a new benchmark in Europe. doi: 10.1029/2021EF002394 If you use this dataset in scientific publications, the aforementioned publication needs to be acknowledged. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- We provide a comprehensive spatio-temporal assessment of the drought hazard over Europe by benchmarking past exceptional events during the period from 1766-2020. We provide gridded soil moisture simulations of the mesoscale Hydrologic Model (mHM; Samaniego et al., 2010; Kumar et al., 2013) in NetCDF format, transformed into a percentile-based monthly soil moisture index (SMI; Samaniego et al., 2013): (1) Observation-based simulations of SMI from mHM: smi_dataset_obs_based.tar.gz: meteorologic forcings are based on 1766–2015 (Casty et al., 2007; ) and E-OBS v21 (Hofstra et al., 2009). (2) Climate model-based simulations of SMI from mHM: smi_dataset_gcm_based.tar.gz This suite is based on five Coupled Model Intercomparison Project v5 (CMIP5) Global Climate Models (GCMs) (HadGEM2-ES, IPSL-CM5A-LR, MIROC-ESM-CHEM, GFDL-ESM2M and NorESM1-M) in the historical mode and under two future representative concentration pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), available from the ISI-MIP project (Hempel et al., 2013; Warszawski et al., 2014; Frieler et al., 2017) mHM code is available under: https://git.ufz.de/mhm/mhm, revision number: 8271b54 SMI code is available under: https://git.ufz.de/chs/progs/SMI, -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Following variables are provided in the netcdf format: float SMI(time, ncols, nrows) ; SMI:long_name = "soil moisture index" ; int mSMIc(time, ncols, nrows) ; mSMIc:long_name = "monthly SMI indicator SMI < th" ; int mDC(time, ncols, nrows) ; mDC:long_name = "consolidated cluster evolution" ; Aggregated analysis of the soil moisture drought clusters is presented in ascii files: results_ADM_yyyymm.txt i - running index of clusters c_Id - IDs of cluster mStart - starting month mEnd - ending month aDD - average Drought Duration aDA - average Drought Area TDM - Total Drought Magnitude -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This study was done within the XEROS project (eXtreme EuRopean drOughtS: multimodel synthesis of past, present and future events), funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant RA 3235/1‐1) and Czech Science Foundation (grant 19‐24089J) -- www.ufz.de/xeros

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