Paranocarodes turkmen Ünal, 2014 (Figs. 48, 97, 266, 362, 366, 404, 423–424, 840) Paranocarodes turkmen sp. nov.: Ünal 2014: 2. Type locality. Turkey: Eskişehir, Sündiken Mts., Türkmen Tepesi. Holotype: male (AİBÜEM). Material examined. TURKEY: Eskişehir, Sündiken Dağları, Türkmen Tepesi, 1524 m, 4.6.2006, 5♂ (including Holotype), 2♀, 6.6.2006, 1♂ (Paratypes); Kütahya, Türkmen Dağı, Söğüt Yaylası, 1530 m, 21.7.2003, 1♀, 1555 m, 20.7.2004, 1♀, 1570 m, 5.6.2006, 1♀ (paratypes) (all leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM) (Ünal 2014); Eskişehir, Bozdağ, 1410 m, 15.7.2015, 1♂ (leg. M. Ünal); Eskişehir, 1♀ (leg. A. Y. Kılıç) (AİBÜEM). Distribution. Known from Eskişehir and Kütahya provinces in the Sündiken and Türkmen Mountains (Fig. 840). Remarks. One female from Türkmen Dağı (Kütahya) has no tympanum, but another female collected one year later from the same place has a large tympanum as in all the other specimens of this species. There is no difference between these specimens except the tympanum. Interestingly a similar event is seen between P. fieberi and P. karabagi. Both species are very similar and the only distinct difference is the presence or absence of tympanum, but these two species are distributed separately and many populations have been found. Also some species of Nocaracris have tympanum in different stages of reduction (N. furvus s.l., N. minutus, N. judithae) even in the same species (N. burri, N. rimansonae). This character is not stable in the two genera, Paranocarodes and Nocaracris and considered sometimes a specific character or only a variation of a single species.

Published as part of Ünal, Mustafa, 2016, Pamphagidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) from the Palaearctic Region: taxonomy, classification, keys to genera and a review of the tribe Nocarodeini I. Bolívar, pp. 1-223 in Zootaxa 4206 (1) on pages 102-103, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4206.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/208260