This dataset contains the raw results of nanoindentation testing and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) testing, which were used to determine the elastic property of rock-forming minerals and interphases in granites. The dataset is presented and utilized in the paper 'Determining Young's Modulus of Arbitrarily-shaped Granite Samples using Accurate Grain-based Modelling with Micro-RME'. Full details of the experimental setup, procedure, and imaging analysis can be found in the paper and supporting information. The results of nanoindentation testing for different rock-forming minerals in granites are contained within three files: nanoindentation_quartz, nanoindentation_feldspar and nanoindentation_biotite. In these files, the raw data during nanoindentation testing is shown with achieved parameters, including elastic modulus, hardness, maximum load fore, maximum contact area, and contact depth. These results are then used to determine the elastic modulus of rock-forming minerals. The achieved Young's modulus for quartz, feldspar and biotite are 96.81 GPa, 69.50 GPa and 46.41 GPa, respectively, for present granitic samples. The results of AFM testing for interphases between different rock-forming minerals in granites are contained within three files: AFM_quartz_feldspar_interphase, AFM_feldspar_biotite_interphase and AFM_quartz_biotite_interphase. In these files, the raw data of 196,608 indents during AFM testing is shown with obtained parameters, including elastic modulus and surface roughness. These results are then used to determine the geometry and elastic modulus of interphases. The achieved Young’s modulus of interphase is 24.48 GPa for present granitic samples. Additionally, the geometry of striped interphases between different rock-forming minerals is shown, which is complex with varying widths.