The data provides the agricultural residue burning emission estimates over 11 agroclimatic zones of Madhya Pradesh, India, for the 2019 rabi season. It also includes supplementary information used in the emission estimation for the reader's reference. References: 1. Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories: Reference Manual (Volume 3)https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gl/invs6c.html 2. Gupta, P. K.; Sahai, S.; Singh, N.; Dixit, C. K.; Singh, D. P.; Sharma, C.; Tiwari, M. K.; Gupta, R. K.; Garg, S. C. Residue Burning in Rice-Wheat Cropping System: Causes and Implications. Curr. Sci. 2004, 87 (12). 3. Jain, N.; Bhatia, A.; Pathak, H. Emission of Air Pollutants from Crop Residue Burning in India. Aerosol Air Qual. Res. 2014, 14 (1). https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2013.01.0031. 4. Venkatramanan, V.; Shah, S.; Rai, A. K.; Prasad, R. Nexus Between Crop Residue Burning, Bioeconomy and Sustainable Development Goals Over North-Western India. Front. Energy Res. 2021, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2020.614212. 5. Van Der Werf, G. R.; Randerson, J. T.; Giglio, L.; Collatz, G. J.; Mu, M.; Kasibhatla, P. S.; Morton, D. C.; Defries, R. S.; Jin, Y.; Van Leeuwen, T. T. Global Fire Emissions and the Contribution of Deforestation, Savanna, Forest, Agricultural, and Peat Fires (1997-2009). Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2010, 10 (23). https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-11707-2010.