This dataset provides the data extracted for the scoping review of the literature on biomarker discovery studies for patient stratification using machine learning analysis of omics data, as part of the EU project on “Personalised Medicine Trials” (PERMIT). It covers the references for all articles selected as part of the scoping review, as well as information on the study type and methodology, the outcome measures, the validation type, and representative sentences extracted from each article on the main results and key findings of the corresponding biomarker study.