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إمارة المؤمنين في الدستور المغربي: تمثُّل التأسيس الأول.

إمارة المؤمنين في الدستور المغربي: تمثُّل التأسيس الأول.

Abstract

تعد المكانة التي يحتلها الملك في الدستور، امتدادا ومأسسة لصفته الدينية، التي تكرست لعقود. فالدولة في المغرب، انطلقت منذ البدء بحمولات دينية، أسهمت، إلى جانب إمكانات موضوعية وذاتية، في توسعها جغرافيا، من ناحية وتبلورها ثقافيا، من ناحية أخرى. إشكالية البحث: تهدف إلى مقاربة المحددات الدينية التي ترتكز إليها إمارة المؤمنين في المغرب؟ وكيف مكنت الصلاحيات الدستورية الملك، من مأسسة سياسة "دينية متميزة"، في ظل المتغيرات الدينية الناشئة هنا وهناك ؟. - فرضية البحث: إمارة المؤمنين، تشكل القاعدة الدستورية العرفية والمكتوبة، التي مكنت المؤسسة الملكية، باعتبارها نتاج إرث تاريخي ورمزي، من أن تتبوأ المحور المركزي في الحياة السياسية؛ وخصوصا الدينية. منهجية البحث: استرشدنا بالمنهج التاريخي والمنهج الوصفي التحليلي. نتائج البحث: - لا يزال الفصل 41 من الدستور، يحكم ويحدد كل المهام والصلاحيات والاختصاصات والسلط الأخرى، التي يتمتع بها الملك؛ خصوصا وأنه أول فصل من حيث الترتيب يبدأ به الباب المتعلق بالملكية، وهذا يعني أنه يحدد بطريقة أو أخرى طبيعة عمل باقي فوصول هذا الباب. أما على مستوى المضمون، فقد تم الاحتفاظ بالظهائر، لتنزيل السياسة الدينية من طرف الملك وحده. فالظهائر الملكية لا يمكن الطعن فيها أمام القضاء؛ لأنها ببساطة صادرة عن "أمير المؤمنين"؛ - صفة أمير المؤمنين، ليست رمزية وحسب، ولكنها بمنزلة مؤسسة متكاملة، لها أسسها الشرعية والدستورية والسياسية، ومن ثمة لها اجتهادها الديني، الذي يستند إلى النسب الشريف، والبيعة من ناحية، وينهل من الموروث السني؛ خصوصا العقيدة الأشعرية والمذهب المالكي والتصوف، من ناحية أخرى. ولتصريف هذه الرؤية، قام الملك بمأسستها عبر مداخل أيدولوجية وأكاديمية. الكلمات المفتاحية: المسألة الدينية/ النسب الشريف/البيعة/ الخليفة/ أمير المؤمنين. Abstract : The king's status in the Constitution is an extension and institutionalization of his religious character, which has been enshrined for decades in Morocco, launched from the outset with religious payloads, has contributed, along with objective and subjective possibilities, to its geographical expansion, on the one hand and its cultural crystallization, on the other. - The Research problem: aims to approach the religious determinants on which the ِcommand of the faithful is based in Morocco? How did this capacity enable it to establish a distinct religious policy, given the religious changes emerging here and there? - The Research hypothesis: the Command of the Faithful, forms the customary and written constitutional rule, which enabled the royal institution, as a output of a historical and symbolic legacy, to become the central focus of political life, especially religious. Research methodology: Guided by the historical and descriptive analytical approaches. Results: - Chapter 41 of the Constitution still governs and defines all the functions, powers, specialisations and other authorities possessed by the King, especially since it is the first chapter in the order to begin the title section concerning the Monarchy, which means that it determines in one way or another the nature of the work of of the rest of chapters of this section. and about the content level, the decrees sought to be retained, for religious policy to be inlaid by the king alone. The royal decrees cannot be challenged in court, simply because it comes from the "Amir Al mu'minin" The Commander of the Faithful; - The status of the Commander of the Faithful is not only symbolic, but also as an integrated institution, and has its legal, constitutional and political foundamentals, hence its religious jurisprudence, which is based on the honourable lineage and allegiance on the one hand, and which is inspired by the Sunni heritage, especially the Ash's doctrine, the Maliki doctrine and sufism, on the other. To reflect this vision, the King institutionalized it through ideological and academic entrances. Keywords: Religious Matter/Honorable Lineage/Allegiance/Caliph/Amir al-Mu'minin.

Keywords

المسألة الدينية، النسب الشريف، البيعة، الخليفة، أمير المؤمنين

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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