Adenomera cotuba, new species Figures 1–3 Holotype. AAG-UFU 1400, adult male, collected in the Municipality of Teresina de Goiás (13°52'S, 47°15'W; approximately 840 m a.s.l.), northern State of Goiás, central Brazil, on 16–17 November 2012, by T. R. de Carvalho, B. F. V. Teixeira, and L. B. Martins. Paratopotypes. Eight adult males: AAG-UFU 0 808, on 18 November 2011, by A. A. Giaretta and K. G. Facure; AAG-UFU 1397–1399, 1401–1404, collected with the holotype. Diagnosis. Adenomera cotuba sp. nov. is assigned to the genus (L. marmoratus species group and Adenomera genus definitions; sensu Heyer 1973, 1974a, respectively) by the following set of characters: 1) small body size (up to 34.1 mm; sensu Kok et al. 2007); 2) toes lacking fringing or webbing; 3) adult males lacking thumb spines; 4) first and second fingers of approximately equal length. The new species is diagnosed from the other 16 congeneric species by the following combination of characters: 1) small size (adult male SVL 18.6–20.5 mm; Table 1) and very robust body; 2) dorsum glandular/granular with no distinctive dorsal granular rows or dorsolateral folds; 3) black or very dark dorsal coloration with no distinctive color patterns; 4) toe tips not developed into flattened disks; 5) distal antebrachial tubercle present; 6) advertisement call consisting of a well-defined series of pulsed calls (7– 32 calls/series; Table 2) with progressive increment in amplitude in the first third of each call series when it reaches a sustained plateau. Comparisons with other species. Adenomera cotuba sp. nov. (adult male SVL 18.6–20.5 mm; Table 1) can be diagnosed from A. andreae (mean adult SVL 23.3 mm, maximum 27.0; Heyer 1973), A. coca (adult male SVL 23.6–25.6 mm; Angulo & Reichle 2008), A. diptyx (mean adult SVL 22 mm; Boettger 1885), A. engelsi (adult male SVL 20.9–22.7 mm; Kwet et al. 2009), A. heyeri (adult male SVL 22.5–25.8 mm; Boistel et al. 2006), A. hylaedactyla (adult male SVL 22.2–24.3 mm; Angulo et al. 2003), A. lutzi (adult male SVL 25.7–33.5 mm; Kok et al. 2007), A. marmorata (mean adult SVL 20.8 mm, maximum 26.0; Heyer 1973), A. martinezi (adult male SVL 21.9–24.2 mm; Carvalho & Giaretta 2013), A. simonstuarti (adult male SVL 25.9–26.2 mm; Angulo & Icochea 2010) by its smaller body size. Adenomera cotuba sp. nov. has a more robust body in dorsal view compared to all the additional material examined by us (figs. 1–2; see Appendix 1). Adenomera cotuba sp. nov. possesses a glandular/granular dorsum with no distinctive dorsal rows or dorsolateral folds (figs. 1–2), whereas A. araucaria, A. hylaedactyla, A. heyeri, A. martinezi, and A. saci possess dorsolateral folds or distinctive granular/glandular rows (Kwet & Angulo 2002; Angulo et al. 2003; Boistel et al. 2006; Carvalho & Giaretta). Adenomera cotuba sp. nov. has a black or very dark-colored dorsum with no distinctive color patterns, whereas A. araucaria usually has longitudinally arranged dark marks (Kwet & Angulo 2002); A. engelsi has a maculated dorsal pattern, consisting of variably sized, longitudinally arranged spots and a distinctive triangle in the orbital region, followed by a chevronlike blotch forming an hourglass-shaped figure (Kwet et al. 2009); A. martinezi and A. saci have distinctive longitudinal rows of symmetrically arranged black spots (Bokermann 1956; Carvalho & Giaretta 2013); A. nana usually has a symmetrical pattern of dark marks on an orange-brown background (Kwet 2007); A. thomei has a mask-like pattern on the inverted triangle of the interorbital region (Almeida & Angulo 2006). The new species has no vertebral pin-stripe, whereas individuals of A. araucaria, A. coca, A. diptyx, A. hylaedactyla, A. martinezi and A. saci always, usually, or sometimes do (Heyer 1973; De la Riva 1996; Kwet & Angulo 2002; Angulo & Reichle 2008; Carvalho & Giaretta 2013). Adenomera cotuba sp. nov. has its toe tips unflattened, whereas A. andreae, A. marmorata, and A. nana have toe tips developed into flattened disks (Heyer 1973; Kwet 2007). The new species can be diagnosed from all congeners (except A. lutzi; see Kok et al. 2007) by the presence of a single or a few variably-sized distal antebrachial tubercles. * SVL was measured from all three specimens of A. juikitam sp. nov. type series; see Material and Methods section. Additional morphological and color pattern features that can also diagnose Adenomera cotuba sp. nov. from congeners (comparative species with features in parentheses): from A. ajurauna, by the absence of dark brown throat, and little white dots on upper and lower lips, and dorsal surface of arms (Berneck et al. 2008); from A. araucaria, by having white-tipped granules on dorsal surface of shanks (dorsal surface of shanks smooth; Kwet & Angulo 2002); from A. heyeri, by possessing profuse tubercles on the sole of feet (smooth sole of feet with scant small tubercles), and the absence of yellow throat and belly in male specimens (Boistel et al. 2006); from A. lutzi, by the lack of a distinctive yellow, orange or red spotted/mottled pattern on posterior surface of thighs on a black background, and yellow to orangish yellow ventral surfaces in male specimens (Kok et al. 2007); from A. martinezi and A. saci (Carvalho & Giaretta 2013), by possessing a very robust body in dorsal view (slender body in A. martinezi and A. saci); from A. simonstuarti, by the absence of very dark, nearly solid stripes on undersides of arms, extending from wrist to the arm insertion (Angulo & Icochea 2010). The advertisement call (fig. 4; Tables 2, 4) distinguishes Adenomera cotuba sp. nov. from all congeners by consisting of a well-defined series of pulsed calls with progressive increment in amplitude in the first third of each call series when it reaches a sustained plateau. The new species can additionally be diagnosed from A. ajurauna, A. bokermanni, A. engelsi, A. heyeri, A. lutzi, A. marmorata, A. nana, and A. saci by possessing a pulsed call structure (non-pulsed structure in all aforementioned species; see Table 4); from A. andreae, A. hylaedactyla, and A. simonstuarti (combined range 2–7 pulses/call; Table 4) by a greater number of pulses (8–14 pulses/call; Tables 2, 4), and from A. martinezi (15–21 pulses/call; Table 4) by a fewer number of pulses (8–14 pulses/call; Tables 2, 4); from A. andreae, A. hylaedactyla, and A. lutzi (combined range 16–64 ms; Table 4) by a longer call duration (69– 191 ms; Tables 2, 4); from A. andreae, A. diptyx, A. hylaedactyla, A. martinezi, A. nana, and A. thomei (1st harmonic peak frequency combined range 1.88–3.05 kHz; Table 4), and A. andreae, A. araucaria, A. diptyx, A. hylaedactyla, A. marmorata, A. nana, and A. thomei (2nd harmonic peak frequency combined range 3.96–5.60 kHz; Table 4) by its lower frequencies (1st harmonic peak frequency 1.73–1.83 kHz, 2nd harmonic peak frequency 3.33– 3.80 kHz; Tables 2, 4). Description of holotype. AAG-UFU 1400 (figs. 1–3). Adult male. Body very robust in dorsal view. Snout rounded in dorsal view (fig. 3B), acuminate in lateral view (fig. 3A), head longer than wide. Nostrils closer to the snout tip than to the eyes; canthus rostralis indistinguishable; loreal region slightly concave; supratympanic fold developed; discrete, ovoid post-commissural gland; upper eyelids glandular; vocal sac subgular with a fold from jaw to forearm on each side, vocal slits present; vomerine teeth in two straight rows posterior to choanae. Tongue ovoid, free behind. Relative finger lengths IV

Published as part of Carvalho, Thiago Ribeiro De & Giaretta, Ariovaldo Antonio, 2013, Bioacoustics reveals two new syntopic species of Adenomera Steindachner (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leptodactylinae) in the Cerrado of central Brazil, pp. 533-551 in Zootaxa 3731 (3) on pages 535-542, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3731.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/217231