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Поливная Керамика Крыма От Эпохи Золотой Орды И Генуэзской Колонизации До Османских Завоеваний: 120 Лет Исследований (Историографический Очерк) / Glazed Pottery Of Crimea From The Epoch Of Golden Horde And Genoese Colonization Till Ottoman Conquest: 120 Years Of Study(Historiographical Review)

Authors: I. B. Teslenko;

Поливная Керамика Крыма От Эпохи Золотой Орды И Генуэзской Колонизации До Османских Завоеваний: 120 Лет Исследований (Историографический Очерк) / Glazed Pottery Of Crimea From The Epoch Of Golden Horde And Genoese Colonization Till Ottoman Conquest: 120 Years Of Study(Historiographical Review)

Abstract

За более чем вековой период исследований керамики Крыма поздневизантийского периода накоплен значительный объем разного рода информации, заслуживающий комплексного анализа, что и предлагается в настоящем историографическом исследовании. В истории изучения данной проблемы выделено 3 этапа. Работы первого из них (кон. XIX — перв. четв. XX вв.) основывались на предметах из музейных коллекций и случайных сборов, носили преимущественно описательный, искусствоведческий характер. Второй этап (втор. четв. — 70-е гг. XX в.) характеризуется увеличением масштабов раскопок средневековых памятников, интенсивным накоплением нового археологического материала, что стимулировало начало его более глубокого осмысления. В 50—70-е гг. XX в. увидели свет первые специальные труды по средневековой керамике Таврики. Однако, в силу различных причин разработка детальной хронологии и типологии находок кон. XIII—XV вв. оказалась невозможной. На третьем этапе, охватывающем два последних десятилетий XX — нач. XXI вв., количество и качество публикаций, касающихся керамики Таврики XIII—XV вв., значительно возросло. Введены в научный оборот итоги раскопок некоторых гончарных мастерских, а также иных объектов с узкими датами в промежутке от посл. трети XIII до третьей четв. XV в., предложены новые методологические подходы в работе с массовыми керамическими находками. Эти достижения позволили добиться ощутимого прогресса в различных направлениях керамологических исследований (детальной датировке, типологии, археометрическом изучении), а также подготовили базу для будущих обобщающих монографических трудов, насущность которых сейчас очевидна. / For more than a century of research of late Byzantine glazed pottery of Crimea a considerable amount of information has been accumulated. These data deserves a comprehensive analysis, which is proposed in the historiographical review. There are three stages in the history of the study. The works of the first one (late XIX — first quarter of XX centuries), which based on materials from the museum collections and random finds, were mostly descriptive and related to the history of art. The second stage (second quarter — 70-s of the XX century) is characterized by increase of excavations of the medieval monuments and intensive accumulation of new archaeological data, which stimulated the beginning of their deeper comprehension. However, due to various reasons, the elaboration of a detailed chronology and typology of findings of the late XIII—XV centuries had not been done. At the third stage, covering the last two decades of the XX — beginning of the XX centuries, the quantity and quality of publications concerning the ceramics of the XIII—XV centuries from Crimea are significantly increasing. The materials from excavation of some pottery workshops, as well as other objects with narrow dates in the interval from the last third of the XIII to the third quarter of the XV century were introduced into scientific publications. New methodological approaches for working with ceramics finding have been proposed too. These achievements made it possible to reach appreciable progress in the various directions of ceramological researches (typology, precise dating, archaeometric study etc.), and also prepared the basis for future general monographic works, the urgency of which is now evident.

Keywords

historiography, Archaeology, XIII—XIV centuries, Crimea, glazed ceramics, Medieval archaeology, CC1-960, Crimea, Medieval archaeology, glazed ceramics, XIII—XIV centuries, historiography

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