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Giant white-light flares on fully convective stars occur at high latitudes

Authors: Elisabeth R. Newton; James R. A. Davenport; Ilya Ilyin; Mahmoudreza Oshagh; Mahmoudreza Oshagh; Ekaterina Ilin; Ekaterina Ilin; +6 Authors

Giant white-light flares on fully convective stars occur at high latitudes

Abstract

ABSTRACT White-light flares are magnetically driven localized brightenings on the surfaces of stars. Their temporal, spectral, and statistical properties present a treasury of physical information about stellar magnetic fields. The spatial distributions of magnetic spots and associated flaring regions help constrain dynamo theories. Moreover, flares are thought to crucially affect the habitability of exoplanets that orbit these stars. Measuring the location of flares on stars other than the Sun is challenging due to the lack of spatial resolution. Here we present four fully convective stars observed with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite that displayed large, long-duration flares in white-light which were modulated in brightness by the stars’ fast rotation. This allowed us to determine the loci of these flares directly from the light curves. All four flares occurred at latitudes between 55° and 81°, far higher than typical solar flare latitudes. Our findings are evidence that strong magnetic fields tend to emerge close to the stellar rotational poles for fully convective stars, and suggest that the impact of flares on the habitability of exoplanets around small stars could be weaker than previously thought.

Keywords

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), stars, TESS, Very low mass stars, stellar magnetic fields, FOS: Physical sciences, flares, low-mass stars, habitability, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, stellar activity, fully convective stars, stellar rotation, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics

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citations
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BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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