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Fairness and underspecification in acoustic scene classification: The case for disaggregated evaluations

Authors: Triantafyllopoulos, Andreas; Milling, Manuel; Drosos, Konstantinos; Schuller , Bjorn W.;

Fairness and underspecification in acoustic scene classification: The case for disaggregated evaluations

Abstract

Underspecification and fairness in ML applications have recently become two prominent issues in the \ac{ML} community. ASC applications have so far remained unaffected by this discussion, but are now becoming increasingly used in real-world systems where fairness and reliability are critical aspects. In this work, we argue for the need of a more holistic evaluation process for ASC models through disaggregated evaluations. This entails taking into account performance differences across several factors, such as city, location, and recording device. Although these factors play a well-understood role in the performance of ASC models, most works report single evaluation metrics taking into account all different strata of a particular dataset. We argue that metrics computed on specific sub-populations of the underlying data contain valuable information about the expected real-world behaviour of proposed systems, and their reporting could improve the transparency and trustability of such systems. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed evaluation process in uncovering underspecification and fairness problems exhibited by several standard ML architectures when trained on two widely-used ASC datasets. Our evaluation shows that all examined architectures exhibit large biases across all factors taken into consideration, and in particular with respect to the recording location. Additionally, different architectures exhibit different biases even though they are trained with the same experimental configurations.

Countries
Finland, Germany
Keywords

ddc:004, transparency, FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, evaluation, 213 Electronic, automation and communications engineering, electronics, Computational Engineering, fairness, ethics, Machine Learning (cs.LG), Computer Science - Computers and Society, Engineering, Computers and Society (cs.CY), acoustic scene classification

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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