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Police brutality and civil violence implications on societal peace and the economy: a study of end-Sars protests in Nigeria

Authors: Samuel Sunday Idowu; Ekene Celestina Chukwudi;

Police brutality and civil violence implications on societal peace and the economy: a study of end-Sars protests in Nigeria

Abstract

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Psychological Factors in Civil Violence. World Politics. 20 (2) 245 \u2013 278. Gurr, T. (1970). Why Men Rebel'. Cited in Breuer, J & Eldon, M. Frustration-Aggression Theory. Retrieved from website: www.ssoar.info. Haynes, S (2020). The Nigerian Army shot dead at least 12 protesters in Lagos, Rights Group says. Here is what to know. Retrieved from: https://time.com/39021/Nigeria-endsars-protest-shooting/?amp=true Hill, E. A., Tiefenthaler, C., Triebert, D., Jordan, H., W. & Stein, R. (2020). How George Floyd was killed in Police Custody. Retrieved from website: https//: www.nytimes.com. Huntington, S. P. (2008). Civil Violence and the Process of Development. The Adelphi Papers. 11 (83) 1-15. Ibietan, J. & Okafor, S. (2019). Sustainable Development Goal 16 and Institutional Imperatives: The Role of Judiciary in Nigeria. Acta Universitatis Danibius Administratio 11 (1) 84-104. Kabir, A. (2020). #EndSARS: Man sues Aisha Yesufu, Falana, Davido, Burna Boy, Don Jazzy others. Retrieved from: https://www.premiumtimesng.com Kaffash, O. (2020). #EndSARS: Governor Obiano sacks aide as protesters ground vehicular movement in Awka. Retrieved from: https://www.pulse.ng>news>local. https://www.leadership.ng/2017/12/07/sars-untold-story. Morse, J. M. (2000). Determining Sample Size. Qualitative Health Research 10(1) 3-5. Muhammad, B.B (2017). SARS: The Untold Story. Retrieved from: https://leadership.ng/ sars.untold-story/www Naankiel, P. (2013). The Nigerian Police Force and Violations of Human Rights 1993-2007. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318755852_the_nigerian_police_force_and_violation_of_human_rights_1993-2007. Nnadozie, E. (2017) How I founded SARS in the police \u2013 RTD Midenda. Retrieved from: https://www.google.com.ng/amp/s/www.vanguardngr.com/2017/12/founded-sars-police-rtd-cp-midenda/amp/. Norbrook, N. (2020). Lagos burns after army accused of Lekki massacre. Retrieved from: https://www.theafricanreport.com. Nwafor, N. (2020). Breaking: Gunshots rent the air as #EndSARS protesters storm Awkuzu SARS station. Retrieved from: https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/10/breakinggunshots-rent-the-air-as-endsars+protesters-storm-awkuzu-sars-station/amp. Nwaiwu, C. (2020). #EndSARS Protest: Army deploys 'Special Force' to Anambra to fill security gap. Retrieved from: https://www.vanguard.com/2020/11/endsars-protest-army-deploys-special-force-to-anambra-to-fill-security-gap/amp/. Nwaiwu, C. (2020). #EndSARS Protest: Anambra Community organizes funeral for DPO, 2 Policeman. Retrieved from: https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/12/endsars-protest-anambra-community-organises-funeral-for-dpo-2-policemen/amp/. Obinna, M. (2020). The Negative Economic Impact of Endsars Protest in Nigeria. Retrieved from: https://wuzupnigeria.ng/ the-negative-economic-impact-of-endsars-protest-in-nigeria-by-njoku-macdonald-obinna. Ogbette, A. S., Otu, I. M. & Olumide K. A. (2018). 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In the Shadows of the war on Terror: Persistent Police Brutality and Abuse of people of colour in the United States. A report prepared for the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination on the occasion of its review of the United States of America's second and Third period reports to the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination. Retrieved from: https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source-web&ct-j&url=htt... Wahab, B. (2020). Protesters in Anambra destroy Azikiwe's Statue, say he is the cause of their problem. Retrieved from: https://www.pulseng/news/local/protesters-in-anambra-destroy-ziks-statue/wfgqst6. Wiley, J. (2020). Nigeria: Deadly Protest Shootings. Retrieved from website: DOI: 10.111/.j.1467-825\u00d7.2020.09718.\u00d7. Worden, R (1996) The causes of Police Brutality: Theory and Evidence on Police use of Force. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net."]}

Police brutality is a recurrent incidence in Nigeria that has been attracting both domestic and international attention but not without implications. This study, therefore, examines the effects of police brutality, using the end-SARS case, and the consequences of its impact on the peace and economy of the Nigerian state. Adopting a qualitative research method, data collected from both the primary (in-depth interview) and secondary sources were textually analyzed. While two states and the Federal Capital Territory were the areas of study, the findings revealed that the social and economic conditions of the country are adversely impacted as the ethnic division was deepened and the investment environment worsened respectively using frustration-aggression theory as a framework. The study, therefore, recommends that the Nigerian government should be more proactive in responding to citizens’ complaints and compensate victims and businesses affected by the crisis amongst others.

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Keywords

brutality, economic, end-SARS, peace, police, protests

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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