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Evaluación parasitológica de muestras de acelga (Beta vulgaris) y perejil (Petroselinum sativum) comercializadas en Ciudad Bolívar, estado Bolívar, Venezuela

Authors: Devera, Rodolfo; Chavarría, Oriana; Díaz, Beatmar; Álvarez, José; Tutaya, Rosario; Blanco, Ytalia; Amaya, Iván;

Evaluación parasitológica de muestras de acelga (Beta vulgaris) y perejil (Petroselinum sativum) comercializadas en Ciudad Bolívar, estado Bolívar, Venezuela

Abstract

RESUMEN Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar parasitológicamente muestras de acelga (Beta vulgaris) y perejil (Petroselinum sativum) aptas para el consumo, adquiridas de cuatro lugares de expendio (dos supermercados y dos ferias libres) de Ciudad Bolívar, estado Bolívar, Venezuela, durante enero-marzo de 2017. Las 120 muestras (40 de acelga y 80 de perejil) fueron sometidas a las técnicas de sedimentación espontánea y coloración de Kinyoun. Se determinó un porcentaje global de contaminación por parásitos/comensales y organismos de vida libre de 92,5%. Considerando solo los parásitos de interés médico, la prevalencia fue de 50% (65% en acelgas y 42,5% en perejil). En las muestras de los supermercados se presentó un mayor índice (58,8%) de formas parasitarias o comensales (χ2 = 7,35; g.l. 1; p < 0,05). Se identificaron cinco taxones de parásitos/comensales intestinales que frecuentemente afectan al humano, cuatro en las acelgas y tres en el perejil. El de mayor prevalencia fue Blastocystis spp. con 39,2% (55% y 31,2% en acelga y perejil, respectivamente); seguido de Entamoeba coli con 11,7% (17,5% y 8,8%). En ninguna de las muestras fueron identificados coccidios intestinales. En conclusión, las acelgas y el perejil vendidas en los comercios evaluados no son adecuadas para consumo si no es realizado un lavado exhaustivo previo a su ingestión, debido a que presentan un elevado porcentaje de contaminación por organismos parasitarios patógenos o comensales. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate parasitologically samples of chard (Beta vulgaris) and parsley (Petroselinum sativum) suitable for consumption, acquired from four places of sale (two supermarkets and two free fairs) in Ciudad Bolívar, Bolívar state, during the period January-March 2017. The 120 samples (40 chard and 80 parsley) were subjected to the technique of spontaneous sedimentation and Kinyoun staining. The estimated global percentage of contamination by parasites/commensals and free-living organisms was 92.5%. Considering only the parasites of medical interest, the prevalence was 50% (65% in chard and 42.5% in parsley). In the samples of the supermarkets, the presence of commensals or parasitic forms presented a higher index (58.8%) (χ2 = 7.35, d.f. 1; p < 0.05). Five taxa of commensals or intestinal parasites that frequently affect humans were identified, four in chard and three in parsley. The one with the highest prevalence was Blastocystis spp. with 39.2% (55% and 31.2% in parsley and chard, respectively); followed by Entamoeba coli with 11.7% (17.5% and 8.8%). Intestinal coccidia were not identified in any of the samples. In conclusion, chard and parsley sold in the evaluated stores are not suitable for consumption if a thorough washing is not carried out prior to ingestion, since they present a high percentage of contamination by parasitic or commensals organisms.

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Keywords

hortalizas, vegetables, contamination, Enteroparásitos, contaminación, Guayana venezolana, Enteric parasites, Blastocystis spp., Venezuelan Guayana

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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