Data and software are the building blocks of the research published in the AGU journals. These digital objects need to be accessible, understandable, and open as possible for reuse to support transparency and replicability. These digital objects include: Data from observations collected in the field; Data from satellites (primarily level 2 or 3); Data from laboratory experiments; Software used for analysis and visualization of the data; Software used to produce model output; All data displayed in the figures of the paper. Data and Software Availability Statements and Citations must satisfy AGU’s Data and Software for Authors requirements before publication. In this document, we offer guidance, templates, and examples to assist authors in meeting these requirements. The final determination of whether a manuscript meets these requirements is made by the journal editors. Author feedback is appreciated to help ensure that the process remains efficient, feasible, and meaningful. AGU recognizes that not all data or software can be fully open. Data or software that are sensitive or restricted must be protected through appropriate access controls. Data or software should be as open as possible, as closed as necessary. For data concerning Indigenous Peoples, authors should consult the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance.

We are thankful to Dr. Peter Fox and his initial draft contribution to this guidance document while also saddened by his recent passing. Peter's contributions to the community continue to have a great impact as represented in this document. Thank you, Peter, you are missed.