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MANEJO ONCOLÓGICO Y TERAPÉUTICO EN EL HEPATOBLASTOMA

Authors: Icaza Herrera, Stefania de los Angeles; Aguirre Espinosa, Andrea Estefania; Ponce Pico, Nazario Andres; Cozzarelli Cabezas, Roberto Rafael; Quezada Miranda, Edgar Lizandro;

MANEJO ONCOLÓGICO Y TERAPÉUTICO EN EL HEPATOBLASTOMA

Abstract

El Hepatoblastoma es el tumor hepático maligno más frecuente en la edad pediátrica. Es una neoplasia de origen embrionario que representa el 1-2% de todos los tumores infantiles. Predomina en el sexo masculino, en edades tempranas, lactantes y niños menores de 5 años de edad. Su etiología es incierta. La tasa de supervivencia a 5 años es del 70%, con resultados comparables en los recién nacidos. Puede ser asintomático en sus inicios o presentarse con una masa abdominal palpable en el cuadrante superior derecho del abdomen, dolor abdominal localizado o difuso, pérdida de peso, anorexia, náuseas y vómitos. La ictericia es infrecuente. Este tipo de tumor puede asociarse con determinados síndromes. La realización de biopsia de la lesión tumoral, pruebas de imágenes, y marcadores tumorales como la alfafetoproteína y gonadotropina coriónica humana beta son de gran utilidad. En el momento del diagnóstico, aproximadamente el 40% de los pacientes presentan enfermedad hepática avanzada, por lo que resulta de vital importancia sospecharlo para realizar el diagnóstico oportuno y obtener un mejor pronóstico. El tratamiento de elección de este tipo de tumor es la combinación de quimioterapia y cirugía, por la imposibilidad de ser resecados completamente. La radioterapia se reserva para tratar las metástasis pulmonares no resecables y como tratamiento paliativo en los casos de mal pronóstico.

Keywords

Hepatoblastoma, tumor, hígado, oncología, pediatría

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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