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Стилистико-Языковые Аспекты В Эстетике Художественного Творчества Во Взаимосвязи С Философскими И Психологическими Теориями (Ф. Шеллинг, Э.Т.А. Гофман, Ф. Ницше, З. Фрейд)

Стилистико-Языковые Аспекты В Эстетике Художественного Творчества Во Взаимосвязи С Философскими И Психологическими Теориями (Ф. Шеллинг, Э.Т.А. Гофман, Ф. Ницше, З. Фрейд)

Abstract

Abstract Fantasy in the works of E.T.A. Hoffmann, one of the greatest German writers of the 19th century, was influenced by F. Schelling’s philosophical theories. However his novels and fairy tales influenced the psychoanalysis of S. Freud and the creation of F. Nietzsche. This idea gives us the possibility to understand profoundly the peculiarities of fantasy from the point of view of temporality. This refers not only to E.T.A. Hoffmann, but also to other fantasywriters. The penetration of reality into the world of fantasy and viceversa, that is realised at diferent levels including the temporal one makes time pass slower, quicklier or leads to its complete stop. These are idicators that the world of the main character is deregulated, that the character is situated between two worlds, the real and unreal ones, and he/she is ready to pass the barrier beween them. But the main character, the enthusiast, is in the state of mood that doesn’t help him to understand the situation. That’s why the events develop in both worlds simultaneously. The presense of the enthusiast in the works of E.T.A. Hoffmann is the deep mark of F. Schelling’s philosophy. The psychological state of the main character was minutiously studied and described by the great Austrian psychoanalitic S. Freud. During its development philosophy used E.T.A. Hoffmann’s literal experience as well as that of the philosophers from the privious periods and became a form of sythesis in the phylosophical heritage of F. Nietzsche. Rezumat Fantasticul în opera lui E.T.A. Hoffmann, unul dintre cei mai de vază scriitori germani ai secolului al XIX-lea, este explicat frecvent prin prisma influenţei teoriilor filozofice ale lui F. Schelling. Creaţia lui E.T.A. Hoffmann, la rândul ei, şi-a lăsat amprenta asupra psihanalizei lui S. Freud şi filozofiei lui F. Nietzsche. Aceste influenţe condiţionează anumite particularităţi ale fantasticului la nivelul temporalităţii nu doar în cazul lui E.T.A. Hoffmann, ci şi în cazul altor scriitori-fantaşti. O penetrare a realităţii cu fantasticul la diferite niveluri, inclusiv la cel temporar, permite comprimarea, dilatarea şi suspendarea absolută a timpului. Modificările temporale constitue faptul, că lumea eroului este dezechilibrată, că el se află între două lumi, una fantastică şi alta reală, fiind pregătit să le transgreseze. În acelaşi timp, eroul, un entuziast, se găseşte în starea de delir, care nu-i permite să conştientizeze situaţia. Din acest motiv, acţiunea se petrece concomitent în două planiri: în realitate şi în lumea imaginară. Apariţia entuziastului în creaţia lui E.T.A. Hoffmann poate fi explicată prin influenţa filozofiei lui F. Schelling. Starea psihică a entuziastului a fost amănunţit studiată şi descrisă de psihanaliticul austriac S. Freud. Romantismul hoffmannian şi filozofia epocilor precedente au fost sintetizate şi valorificate în opera filozofică a lui F. Nietzsche

Никулча, Екатерина. Стилистико-языковые аспекты в эстетике художественного творчества во взаимосвязи с философскими и психологическими теориями (Ф. Шеллинг, Э.Т.А. Гофман, Ф. Ницше, З. Фрейд) / Е. Никулча // Limbaj şi context = Speech and Context : Rev. de lingvistică, semiotică şi şt. literară. – 2009. – Anul I, nr. 2. – P. 59-68.

Keywords

F. Schelling, S. Freud, literatură germană, E.T.A. Hoffmann, F. Nietzsche, fantasticul în literatură

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