The presence of hot gaseous coronae in the dark matter halos of massive spiral galaxies is a fundamental prediction of all structure formation models. Yet these coronae remained unexplored for several decades, thereby posing a serious challenge to observers and theorists. Although several X-ray coronae have been detected around nearby massive spiral galaxies in the past few years, we still lack a comprehensive picture. X-ray Surveyor will provide the much needed breakthrough. Specifically, X-ray Surveyor will characterize the hot coronae in unprecedented details, explore their evolution as a function of redshift, which in turn will constrain the physical processes that play an essential role in galaxy formation from the early Universe to the present epoch.

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Session 3 continued: Cycles of Baryons Chair: Mike Nowak