Among the challenges faced in the 20th century, a nuclear war threat has caught the international community's attention. The containment of nuclear danger gained space on the superpowers' agenda, becoming a prominent theme in the cooperative processes between the United States of America (USA) and the Soviet Union (USSR), later, Russia. The abandonment of the ABM Treaty and doubts surrounding the New START Treaty, despite its five-year extension, would put the International System's strategic stability to the test. This pressure is even greater in the face of the development of new weapons technologies. This policy brief presents a brief overview of nuclear arms agreements and their future related to new strategic weapons.