22 new aphid species are recorded for Madeira Archipelago (Madeira Island: 19, Porto Santo Island: 2, Desertas Islands: 1). These species are Aloephagus myersi, Aphis idaei, A. loti, A. sambuci, Brachyunguis tamaricis, Cinara confinis, C. cupressi, C. fresai, Clypeoaphis suaedae, Ctenocallis setosus, Eriosoma patchiae, Greenidea ficicola, Hoplocallis pictus, Illinoia goldamaryae, Phloeomyzus passerinii, Pseudacaudella rubida, Saltusaphis scirpus, Sipha maydis, Smynthurodes betae, Takecallis arundicolens, Uroleucon cf. nigrocampanulae, and Uroleucon picridis. Five previously recorded species have spread to new islands in the Archipelago, namely Aphis solanella (Selvagens), Brachycaudus helychrisi (Selvagens), Nasonovia ribisnigri (Selvagens), Pemphigus bursarius (Madeira Island) and Pineus pini (Porto Santo). For the Azores Archipelago, we add three new records: Aphis oenotherae (Pico), Illinoia lambersi (São Miguel) and Neophyllaphis podocarpi (São Miguel). In the Azores the following species have extended their distribution to new islands: Aphis craccivora (São Jorge), A. fabae (Pico), A. hederae (Pico), A. ruborum (São Jorge), Cinara pinimaritimae (Pico, São Jorge) and Macrosiphum rosae (São Jorge). The status of the species from Madeira referred to in the literature as Aphis paralios is analysed. The total number of aphid species recorded for each of the Macaronesian Archipelagos (Madeira, Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde Islands) is given, as is the number of species for each of the 36 islands in these Archipelagos. Currently, 183 aphid species are recorded for the Madeira Archipelago and 151 species for the Azores Archipelago