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KOLEKTIVNI IMUNITET, RAZVOJ VAKCINE ZA SARS-COV-2 I PUŠENJE DUVANA U DOBA KOVIDA-19

Authors: Rajko, Igić;

KOLEKTIVNI IMUNITET, RAZVOJ VAKCINE ZA SARS-COV-2 I PUŠENJE DUVANA U DOBA KOVIDA-19

Abstract

Za pandemiju kovida-19 odgovoran je nov korona virus, SARSCoV-2. Kolektivnim imunitetom, prag je iznad 50 odsto, lanac transmisije virusa će se prekinuti. Taj imunitet se stiče na dva načina: prirodnim širenjem bolesti i vakcinisanjem. Dok se čeka na efekat vakcinisanja i sticanje imuniteta širenjem bolesti, zaraza se može obuzdavati epidemiološkim postupcima, a lečenje kovida-19 svodi se na potpornu terapiju. Faktori rizika koji otežavaju bolest uključuju gerijatrijsko doba, pušenje duvana, dijabetes, arterijsku hipertenziju, vaskularnu bolest bronhijalnu astmu i hroničnu opstruktivnu plućnu bolest (COPD). Pošto pušenje duvana dovodi do težeg oblika i veće smrtnosti usled kovida-19, zato su u doba pandemije mnogi pušači motivisani da manje puše ili ostavljaju duvan. Da se olakša odvikavanje pušenja, apstinencijalne poremećaje olakšavaju farmaceutski pripravci nikotina, bupropion (Zyban) i vareniklin (Chantix). Svetska zdravstvena organizacija saopštava da je do novembra 2020 bilo više 164 kandidata za vakcinu u predkliničkom ispitivanju, a 48 vakcina su tada klinički procenjivane, a danas ih je već desetak u kliničkoj upotrebi. Za sticanje neophodnog praga kolektivnog imuniteta u svetu, možda je neophodna proizvodnja blizu 16 milijardi doza vakcine i da se organizuje uspešno brzo globalno vakcinisanje. U Srbiji se suzbijanje kovida-19 može najkasnije očekivati krajem 2021. ili početkom 2022. godine.

Keywords

covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, abstinence crisis, smoking and covid-19, vaccine candidates

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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