Currently, a major focus of biomedical research and clinical application are the so-called advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs), which are highly complex medicines that enable the targeted and personalised treatment of patients. The potential of ATMPs in future cancer treatment is invaluable. However, this novel class of treatments is often extremely expensive. Consequently, these therapies push established reimbursement models to their limits. Because of the high costs, as well as the lack of appropriate reimbursement models, access to these potentially lifesaving therapies is currently not guaranteed to all patients. This paper analyses the current legal framework in Switzerland and critically evaluates existing reimbursement models, particularly with respect to their adaptation for ATMPs. As a promising reimbursement arrangement, this paper proposes a model combining outcome-based instalment payments with aspects of the pay for performance and the annuity payment model. According to this performance-based shared risk model, instalment payments are due when defined treatment goals are achieved.