Dataset S1 contains all raw and processed material referred to in the published article "Kin selection explains the evolution of cooperation in the gut microbiota". R codes files provide all codes to replicate the analysis. Please refer to the README file for a description of all code files. The manifest files are those obtained by accessing the HMP portal on April 2020 under Project > HMP, Body Site > feces, Studies>WGS-PP1, File Type > WGS raw sequences set, File format > FASTQ. We also provide access to these data and codes at our GitHub (https://github.com/CamilleAnna/HamiltonRuleMicrobiome gitRepos.git) which can be cloned to directly re-run this analysis. Legends for Dataset S1: Sheet 1: Metagenomic samples used and access links. Sheet 2: Reference on bacterial cooperation retrieved from Web of Science search: TI¯((microb* OR bacter* OR microorganis* OR micro-organis*) AND (coop* OR social*) Sheet 3: Retained bacteria cooperation keywords Sheet 4: GOs identified by annotating all MIDAS database genomes (5944 genomes) with PANNZER2. Sheet 5: Full list of potential bacterial cooperation GO terms and description of manual curation decisions. Sheet 6: Final list of bacterial cooperation GO used for the analysis Sheet 7: Genomic diversity of the bacterial population within and across host. Computed from MIDAS snp_diversity.py pipeline. Sheet 8: final dataset for statistical analysis. Sheet 9: per-gene annotation of cooperation.