In the following article will be presented a short history of the reception of F. W. J. Schelling’s philosophy in Russia, from the very beginning through the publication of D. M. Vellanskij’s first Russian work about the philosophy of nature (1805), until the death of the ideologist of the Slavophile movement Ivan Kireevskij (1856), whose elaboration of the late Schelling’s philosophy is the main topic of the present work. The first chapter is dedicated mostly to the “Society for the love of wisdom” (1823-1825) and his main members, V. F. Odoevskij and D. V. Venevitinov, key figures for the birth of a romantic aesthetics in Russia through the assimilation of Schelling’s philosophy of nature and art, whose principles, applicated upon the cultural and historical evolution of Russia, had impressive effects. The creation of the slavophile philosophy of history as well as the definition of a deeper Russian philosophical self-consciousness will be the results of the original elaboration of the Schelling’s distinction between negative and positive philosophy by the former member of the society Ivan Kireevskij, whom is dedicated the second and third chapter.