This data set contains: - Full data files of a 2016 survey of attitudes to Open Peer Review in xls and csv formats - Survey questions (pdf) - Readme file (txt) Between 8 September and 7 October 2016, OpenAIRE held a survey designed to aid the development of appropriate OPR approaches by providing evidence about the attitudes of authors, editors and reviewers towards OPR, their reservations and needs, as well as to gauging current levels of experience and reservation with different types of OPR. A supplementary aim was to collect feedback on a provisional definition of OPR as created during another strand of work. The survey aimed to aid the development of appropriate OPR approaches by providing evidence about the attitudes of authors, editors and reviewers towards OPR, their reservations and needs, as well as to gauge current levels of experience and reservations with different types of OPR. The survey was conducted via an openly accessible online questionnaire (using the scientific survey platform SoSci, www.soscisurvey.de). It received a total of 3062 complete responses (a further 635 responses were discarded as incomplete). The survey was open to all wishing to take part and distributed via social media, scholarly communications mailing lists, publisher newsletters and, in one case, a publisher internal mailing list (Copernicus Publications). Acknowledgement: This work is funded by the European Commission H2020 project OpenAIRE2020 (Grant agreement: 643410, Call: H2020-EINFRA-2014-1) Contact: Dr Tony Ross-Hellauer, University of Göttingen, State and University Library, ross-hellauer@sub.uni-goettingen.de