The Camellia Cultivar Names were widely collected from books and journals and new registrations throughout the world every year, then reviewed by experts in the online working platform, the Database of International Camellia Register. After treating some important issues existed in camellia names, especially those plenty of re-used names and diacritical marks etc. especially in Japanese cultivars, a dataset of Camellia names was summarized from the year of 1253 to 2019 throughout the world. The data was contained in an excel table file (.xlsx format) including two sheets, entitled ’Cultivars’ and ’Synonyms’. The ’Cultivars’ sheet mainly recorded the name and description of each cultivar, while their corresponding Synonyms could be gained from the ’Synonyms’ sheet. Fields and its descriptions are given below: Data fields in Sheet ‘Cultivars’: CultivarId: A unique number for each cultivar. CultivarEpithet: The Cultivar Epithet for each cultivar. ScientificName: The Scientific Name for each cultivar. ChineseName: The Chinese Name for each cultivar. JapaneseName: The Japanese Name for each cultivar. Hiragana: The phonetic sounds in Japanese for each cultivar. SpeciesOrCombination: Cultivar’s origin or cross parentage. Meaning: The explanation of name. CultivarType: The type of economic value, For Ornamental, For Tea, Or For Oil. DescriptionEn: The English Description for each cultivar. DescriptionCn: The Chinese Description for each cultivar. DescriptionJp: The Japanese Description for each cultivar. YearPublished: The year of first publication. Country: The country name to release the cultivar. DefaultPhoto: The Type Image. DefaultPhotoChosenBy: A specialist name who determine Type image. DefaultPhotoChosenDate: A date when to choose type image by a specialist. IsExtinct: Whether it was extinct or not. Data fields in Sheet ‘Synonyms’: SynonymId: A unique number for each cultivar Synonym. Synonym: The Synonym for each cultivar used. Reference: The Reference recorded the synonym. CultivarEpithet: The corresponding Cultivar Epithet for the synonym.