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Rękopisy amharskie w piśmie arabskim (ağäm) jako świadectwo kultury literackiej muzułmanów etiopskich

Authors: Marcin Krawczuk;

Rękopisy amharskie w piśmie arabskim (ağäm) jako świadectwo kultury literackiej muzułmanów etiopskich

Abstract

Zjawisko powstawania rękopisów zawierających teksty w językach afrykańskich spisywane w piśmie arabskim znane jest z wielu obszarów muzułmańskiej Afryki. Zwyczaj notowania języków afrykańskich alfabetem arabskim określany jest mianem ajami (z lokalnymi wariantami), co pochodzi od arabskiego słowa عجمي‎‎ ʿaǧamī „obcy”, „cudzoziemski”. Na obszarze Afryki Zachodniej przedmiotem wielu studiów były rękopisy w takich językach jak: hausa, fulfulde, wolof, bambara, songhai, kanuri i innych. Z Afryki Wschodniej znanych jest wiele rękopisów w suahili. O wiele mniej znana jest tradycja rękopisów ajami powstałych w Rogu Afryki, w tym w szczególności w Etiopii. W niniejszym tekście zostaną przybliżone najważniejsze informacje dotyczące rękopisów muzułmańskich w językach Etiopii, przede wszystkim w języku amharskim, w tym kontekst ich powstawania, problemy związane ze stosowaniem arabskiej ortografii do zapisu języka amharskiego oraz tematyka utworów. Amharskie ajami stanowi bowiem istotny i interesujący, choć w dużej mierze należący już do przeszłości, element kultury etiopskich muzułmanów, która przez lata pozostawała nieco w cieniu kultury chrześcijańskich sąsiadów.

Country
Poland
Keywords

piśmiennictwo arabskie, muzułmani etiopscy, Islam, Ethiopia, ajami, manuscripts, Amharic

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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