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Micropropagación de Agave wendtti Cházaro (1995) (Agavaceae), una especie endémica del Uxpanapa, Veracruz, México

Authors: J.A. García-Pérez; M. Cházaro-Bazañez; R.V. Ortega-Ortiz; T. F. Carmona-Valdovinos; B.L. Náder-García;

Micropropagación de Agave wendtti Cházaro (1995) (Agavaceae), una especie endémica del Uxpanapa, Veracruz, México

Abstract

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo el desarrollo de un protocolo de micropropagación in vitro de una especie de Agave endémico para México, Agave wendtii. Se realizaron experimentos para: 1) determinar condiciones óptimas para la germinación de semillas; 2) determinar condiciones óptimas de reguladores de crecimiento (RC) y luz para la organogénesis (formación de callos, brotes y raíz), y 3) determinar un sustrato adecuado para el desarrollo de plántulas en invernadero. El medio sólido MS, expuesto a condiciones de luz constante, presentó una germinación del 100% y, sus correspondientes plántulas, fueron las únicas que desarrollaron rizoides blancos y gruesos. La proporción de brotes más alta (3.1 brotes por explante) se obtuvo a una concentración de 1.5 mg/L de 2.4-D más 0.5 de BAP, y solamente los brotes individualizados produjeron raíz después de haber retirado cualquier regulador. El mejor sustrato para la aclimatación de plántulas fue el de lombricomposta más arena. Se concluye que la técnica desarrollada en esta investigación puede usarse para la producción masiva de A. wendtii con fines de conservación.

Keywords

embriogénesis somática, brote callogénico, organogénesis, Micropropagación

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