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This report deals with some aspects about the joint measurability of quantum observables. Since W. Heisenberg reviewed the concepts of momentum and position, it has been known that Quantum Mechanics furnishes the impossibility of measuring them together, i.e., it is not possible to measure the one without disturbing the other. This fact holds for many other sets of observables, and it is commonly known by the name of complementarity. Some of the examples taught regularly in introductory Quantum Mechanics courses also deal with these constraints in the quantum measurement, however they are rarely presented in its most generality. The mathematical model describing observables in these courses has severe limitations concerning both theoretical and experimental aspects. Even at the beginning of Quantum Mechanics there were doubts whether or not when measuring the position of some quantum particle the outcome or probability distribution was really that of the model, or otherwise some other fuzzy version of it. It is looking for a complete Theory of Measurement that many aspects discussed in this report arose for the first time. One of these new properties in the Theory of Measurement is the concept of noise, which we will see plays an important role in questions of measurement. In this project we have put our focus on two outcome observables, i.e., physical measurable properties that may have as an outcome one given value or another. We have developed geometrical methods (joint measurability graphs) to visualize and characterize the joint measurability of any set of two outcome observables, together with constraints for noise which must be added to the system in order to make them jointly measurable.
quantum information
quantum information
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