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En el presente trabajo se sintetizaron la zeolita ZSM-5, el tamiz molecular mesoporoso AlMCM-41 y un material combinado ZSM-5-AlMCM-41, los cuales fueron caracterizados por diferentes técnicas y evaluados catalíticamente en la transformación de n-hexano, 3-metil pentano y 1-buteno. El comportamiento del sólido combinado fue comparado con las fases micro y mesoporosa y con una mezcla mecánica con una proporción 1:1 en peso de estas fases. Las reacciones fueron realizadas entre 470 y 500 ºC, en un sistema continuo con un reactor de lecho fijo. La caracterización de los sólidos mostró que se obtuvieron las fases ZSM-5 y AlMCM-41 con las propiedades esperadas. El material combinado presentó características particulares que indican su naturaleza micro-mesoporosa, tales como la isoterma de adsorción característica. Los resultados de la conversión de alcanos arrojaron valores del índice de restricción mayores a 1 para la zeolita y la mezcla mecánica y menores de 1 para los sólidos combinado y AlMCM-41, indicando diferentes características estructurales de los sólidos. Todos los sólidos fueron activos en la reacción de 1-buteno, con mayor selectividad a los productos de craqueo en los sólidos con mayor conversión. Los sólidos AlMCM -41 y combinado fueron activos después de la regeneración, con mayor estabilidad para Al-MCM-41 debido probablemente a la menor conversión lograda
In the present work a ZSM-5 zeolite, the mesoporous molecular sieve AlMCM-41 and a combined material ZSM-5-AlMCM-41, were synthesized and characterized by different techniques and evaluated in the catalytic transformation of n-hexane, 3-methyl pentane and 1-butene. The behavior of combined material was compared with that showed by micro and mesoporous phases and a mechanical mixture with a proportion 1:1 (% w/w) of these phases. Reactions were performed between 470 and 500 º C in a continuous system with a fixed bed reactor. The phases ZSM-5 and AlMCM-41 showed the expected properties, according the characterization realized. The combined material showed specific characteristics that indicate its micro- mesoporous nature, such as a typical adsorption isotherm. The results of the conversion of alkanes originated constraint index values greater than 1 for zeolite and the mechanical mixture and less than 1 for the combined solid and AlMCM-41, indicating different structural properties of solids. All solids were active in the reaction of 1-butene, with greater selectivity to cracking products at higher conversion level. The combined and AlMCM-41 solids showed activity after regeneration, AlMCM-41 showed a higher stability probably due to a lower conversion level.
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Molecular sieves, mesoporous solids, acid catalysis, AlMCM-41, ZSM-5, Tamices Moleculares, sólidos mesoporosos, catálisis acida, AlMCM-41, ZSM-5
Molecular sieves, mesoporous solids, acid catalysis, AlMCM-41, ZSM-5, Tamices Moleculares, sólidos mesoporosos, catálisis acida, AlMCM-41, ZSM-5
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