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Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 infections in Malaysia

Authors: Wong, Xin Ci; Sim, Benedict Lim Heng; Hor, Chee Peng; Chidambaram, Suresh Kumar; Chua, Hiu Jian; Pathmanathan, Mohan Dass; M.Peariasamy, Kalaiarasu; +2 Authors

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 infections in Malaysia

Abstract

Introduction COVID-19 started as a major public health outbreak in late 2019.1 Malaysia reported its first imported case on 25 January 2020, and adopted a policy of extensive contact tracing and hospitalizing of all patients, regardless of severity.2 We aim to describe clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients nationwide and determine the risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 disease. Methodology Clinical records of all RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to 18 designated hospitals in Malaysia between 1 February and 30 April 2020 with complete outcomes were retrieved. Variables were compared among patients classified as mild (Stage IIII) and severe (Stage IV-V) diseases.3,4 Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify determinants for disease severity. Results Our cohort comprised of 5889 cases (median age 34 years, male 71·7%). The majority were mild (92%), only 3·3% required intensive care with 80% admitted within the first 5 days. Older age (>51years), fever, cough, diarrhoea, breathlessness, tachypnoea, high serum CRP (≥5mg/dL) and abnormal chest radiographs on admission were significant determinants for disease severity (p >0·05). The case fatality rate was 1·2% and the three commonest complications were liver injuries (6·7%), kidney injuries (4%), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (2·3%)(Table 1). Discussion / Conclusion Lower case fatality rate was contributed by young and mild presenting COVID-19 patients.5 Abnormal chest radiographic findings in symptomatic elderly with tachypnoea require close monitoring in first 5 days to detect early deterioration. Early hospitalisation allows risk stratification and monitoring of patients for timely interventions.

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infectious disease, Malaysia, COVID-19, Wu Lien-Teh's young investigators award, Coronavirus, Clinical, Characteristics, pneumonia, 13th National Conference For Clinical Research, clinical characteristics

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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