This dataset contains a subset of lysimiters data collected at the experimental site Majadas de Tietar. The experimental site is collected in Majadas de Tietar (Casals et al., 2009) located in western Spain (39°56′25″N 5°46′29″W). The ecosystem is a typical “Iberic Dehesa”, which is characterized by an herbaceous stratum of native pasture and sparse trees, for the majority (~98%) Quercus ilex. The tree density is about 20–25 trees/ha⁠, the fractional cover of trees is about 20%, mean DBH of 46 cm, and a canopy height of about 8 m. (El-Madany et al., 2018). The herbaceous layer is composed of native annual species of the three main functional plant forms (grasses, forbs and legumes), whose fractional cover varies seasonally and is characterized by important inter-annual variations in the seasonal dynamics related to the onset of the dry period. Lysimiters data were collected an processed according to Perez-Priego et al., (2017) and (2018). The dataset was processed by Windmoser and Michel (2020) and it consist of 4 .xlsx files. The description of the variables can be found in Windmoser and Michel 2020. For information on the excel files reported here please contact Peter Widmoser <peter.wimo.ch@posteo.ch>. The other co-authors contributed to the data acquisition and to the processing of lysimeters and eddy covariance data, but not to the final production of the uploaded files. In case of questions on the lysimiters and eddy covariance data please contact the BAIE team (https://www.bgc-jena.mpg.de/bgi/index.php/Research/BAIE) References Casals, P. et al., 2009. Soil CO2 efflux and extractable organic carbon fractions under simulated precipitation events in a Mediterranean Dehesa. Soil Biol. Biochem. 41, 1915–1922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.06.015. El-Madany, T.S.,et al., (2018). Drivers of spatio-temporal variability of carbon dioxide and energy fluxes in a Mediterranean savanna ecosystem 21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.07.010 Perez-Priego O, et al., 2017. Evaluation of eddy covariance latent heat fluxes with independent lysimeter and sapflow estimates in a Mediterranean savannah ecosystem. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 236: 87-99. doi: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.01.009. Perez‐Priego, O., et al. (2018). Partitioning eddy covariance water flux components using physiological and micrometeorological approaches. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 123, 3353– 3370. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JG004637 Widmoser, P. and Michel, D.: Partial energy balance closure of eddy covariance evaporation measurements using concurrent lysimeter observations over grassland, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-299, in review, 2020

The authors thanks the von Humboldt Stiftung for financial support of the MaNiP project through the Max Planck research prize 2013 to Markus Reichstein