The data set include figures and tables. They provide supports for an improved IBIS model for simulating NPP dynamics in alpine mountain ecosystem. Fig. 1 Study area Fig. 2 Framework of the IBISi model Fig. 3 Spatialization of soil thickness Fig. 4 Nonlinear relation between soil thickness and slope. Fig. 5 Sample areas for validation Fig. 6 A comparison of NPP monitored by remote sensing, NPP simulated by the IBIS model and NPP simulated by IBISi model in the EQM from 2000 to 2015. Table 1. Vegetation parameters regionalization Table 2. Initialization of total LAI