41. Carpinus tschonoskii Maxim. Bulletin de l’Academie imperiale des sciences de St.-Pétersbourg 27: 534 (Maximowicz 1881b). – Type: Japan, [Kanagawa], Hakone, 1864, S. Tschonoski s.n. (syn-: LE; isosyn-: BM!, BR!, GH00033769 p.p.!, K000859942!, L! M-0265492!, P06809892!, P06811215!, P06809882!?, P06811396!?, P06809866!?, PE00021963 p.p.!, WU!); ibid., Fudzi-yama [Fuji yama], 1864, S. Tschonoski s.n. (syn-: LE; isosyn-: BM000580518!, GH00033769 p.p.!, K000859941!, P06811217!, PE00021963 p.p.!). C. yedoensis Maxim., Bulletin de l’Academie imperiale des sciences de St.-Pétersbourg 27: 535 (Maximowicz 1881b). – Type: Japan, [Tokio,] cult. in Yedo [Edo, Tokio] Garden, Nov. 1862, C.J. Maximowicz s.n. (syn-: not localized); ibid., L. Savatier 1172 (syn-: not localized). C. fauriei Nakai, The Botanical Magazine [Tokyo] 26: 325 (Nakai 1912). – Type: South Korea, [Jeju], Quelpaert, in silvis, Oct. 1907, E.-J. Taquet 587 (syn-: TI, KYO); ibid., Aug. 1911, T. Mori 32 (syn-: TI); ibid., Aug. 1911, T. Mori 33 (syn-: TI). C. eximia Nakai, Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 13: 249 (Nakai 1914). – C. tschonoskii var. eximia (Nakai) Hatus., Bulletin of the Kyushu Imperial University Forests 5: 48 (Hatushima 1934). – Type: South Korea, [Jeollanam-do], secus vias et in silvis circa templum Senonji pede montem Chirisan, 280 m a.s.l., 15 Jul. 1913, T. Nakai 11 (holo-: TI). – Note: this name is accepted as a distinct species in the World Checklist (Govaerts & Frodin 1998), but listed as a synonym of C. tschonoskii in Chang et al. (2014a) and the WCSP (2016). C. tschonoskii var. jablonskyi H.J.P.Winkl., Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 50 (Suppl.): 500 (Winkler 1914). – Type: Japan, prov. Kotzuke, Bamba und Nogurizawa, 29 Jul. 1894, M. Shirai s.n. (syn-: not localized); ibid., 1 Aug. 1894, M. Shirai s.n. (syn-: not localized). – Note: this name is mentioned neither in the World Checklist (Govaerts & Frodin 1998) nor in the WCSP (2016) nor in the Flora of Japan (Ohwi 1965). Chang et al. (2014a) list it as synonymous with C. tschonoskii. C. tschonoskii var. serratiauriculata H.J.P.Winkl., Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 50 (Suppl.): 500 (Winkler 1914). – Type: Japan, [Tokyo,] Jedo, L. Savatier 1172 (syn-: not localized); ibid., L. Savatier s.n. (syn-: not localized). Ibid., 1874, L. Savatier s.n. (syn-: P06811219!, P06810761!). – Note: this name is mentioned neither in the World Checklist (Govaerts & Frodin 1998) nor in the WCSP (2016) nor in the Flora of Japan (Ohwi 1965). Chang et al. (2014a) list it as synonymous with C. tschonoskii. C. tschonoskii var. subintegra H.J.P.Winkl., Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 50 (Suppl.): 501 (Winkler 1914). – Type: South Korea, [Jeju], Insel Quelpart, Hallaisan [Hallasan mt.], Jul. 1907, U.J. Faurie 1535 (holo-: not localized; iso-: A00033735!, BM!, E00388827!, P06809858!). – Note: this name is not mentioned in the World Checklist (Govaerts & Frodin 1998), while Chang et al. (2014a) list it as synonymous with C. tschonoskii. C. tschonoskii var. brevicalycina Nakai ex Kawamoto, Handbook of Korea-Manchurian Forestry: 92 (Kawamoto 1939). – Type: not localized. – Note: this name is not mentioned in the World Checklist (Govaerts & Frodin 1998) nor in the WCSP (2016). Jeon & Chang (1997) consider it as a synonymous with C. tschonoskii, Chang et al. (2014a) list it as a invalid name. The present authors did not see the protologue, so validity of the name is unclear. C. coreensis Koidz., Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 9 (2): 73 (Koidzumi 1940). – Original citation: “ Carpinus fargesiana (non Winkl.) Nakai Fl. Sylv. Korea. II (1915). […] Korea: mt. Chiisan, Hannyaho, Kokiri”. – Type: not localized. – Note: Jeon & Chang (1997) and Chang et al. (2014a) consider this name to be synonymous with C. tschonoskii, as it is listed in the World Checklist (Govaerts & Frodin 1998). C. tschonoskii f. pendula Hayashi, 林業試験場研̍報告 [Research Report of the Forestry Experiment Station] 125: 72 (Hayashi 1960). – Type: Japan, Hondo, prov. Mushi, Kokubunji, 10 May 1958, Y. Hayashi s.n. (holo-: TFM). – Note: this name is not mentioned in the World Checklist (Govaerts & Frodin 1998) or in the Flora of Japan (Ohwi 1965). Most likely, this is to be regarded as a cultivar with hanging branches rather than as a botanical taxon. C. mianningensis T.P.Yi, Bulletin of Botanical Research, Harbin 12 (4): 335 (Yi 1992). – Type: China, Sichuan, Mianning County, Lingshan, 18 Jul. 1991, T.P. Yi [易同培] 91170 (holo-: SIFS; iso-: PE00934231!). – Note: this name is accepted in the Flora Sichuanica (Editorial Board of the Flora Sichuanica 2012), but it is listed as synonymous with C. tschonoskii in the Flora of China (Li & Skvortsov 1999).

Published as part of Holstein, Norbert & Weigend, Maximilian, 2017, No taxon left behind? - a critical taxonomic checklist of Carpinus and Ostrya (Coryloideae, Betulaceae), pp. 1-52 in European Journal of Taxonomy 375 on pages 28-29, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.375, http://zenodo.org/record/3838542