Cylindrococcus Maskell 1892 Cylindrococcus Maskell 1892, 41. Type species: Cylindrococcus casuarinae Maskell by subsequent designation Fernald 1903, 84. Crocidocysta Rübsaamen 1894: 218. Type species: Crocidocysta froggatti Rübsaamen by monotypy (= Cylindrococcus amplior, Maskell). Junior synonym, discovered by Lindinger 1937, 182 -183. Introduction. Cylindrococcus is a gall-inducing genus which currently includes two species (García Morales et al. 2019) both found on Casuarinaceae in Australia. MacGillivray (1921) considered that the genus (plus some others) formed a separate subfamily, the Cylindrococcinae. Balachowsky (1942) elevated the genus (along with Capulinia, Sphaerococcopsis Cockerell, Ourococcus Fuller and Apiococcus) to family rank, Cylindrococcidae. However, this family has not been accepted. Ferris (1957b) assigned Cylindrococcus to the Eriococcidae and Hoy (1963) included it in his catalogue of Eriococcidae. The adult male of C. spiniferus Maskell (1892) was described in detail by Gullan (1978) and her illustration is used here. Gullan also concluded that Cylindrococcus fell within the Eriococcidae. The molecular studies of Cook and Gullan (2004), Gullan and Cook (2007) and Kondo et al. (2016) placed Cylindrococcus in their BSE clade along with E. buxi, and the families Beesoniidae and Stictococcidae. However, the sensilla on the trochanter of Cylindrococcus are elongate and lie more or less in a straight line unlike those of E. buxi which are roundish and in a triangle. Generic diagnosis based on morphology of adult male of C. spiniferus (Fig. 43) Body strongly attenuated; abdomen with convergent margins; with very few body setae, all hs. Head: simple pores probably present laterad to mid-cranial ridge; preocular ridge not developed; interocular ridge absent; genal setae present; ocelli present away from postocular ridge; ocular sclerite with some striations around ventral simple eyes; postoccipital ridge well developed; antennae 9 segmented; flagellar segments with both hs and fs; with 6-12 capitate setae present on apical antennal segment. Thorax: medial prosternal ridge present; antemesospiracular setae present; prescutum without prescutal setae; scutal setae absent; scutellum without scutellar setae; postmesospiracular setae absent; basisternal setae absent; metasternum without setae; metaprecoxal ridge absent; postmetaspiracular setae absent; hamulohalteres absent; alar lobes absent; alar setae absent; alar sensoria absent; trochanter with narrowly oval sensoria in a line on each side; tibia with 1 spur; tarsi 1 segmented; tarsal digitules capitate; claw digitules capitate, claw broad basally, narrowing uniformly to apex. Abdomen: tapering to a long penial sheath; tergites and sternites showing some sclerotisation; fs absent; glandular pouches absent; caudal extensions absent; segment IX narrow; anus distinct anteriorly on segment IX; style narrowing very abruptly at anterior end and then needle-like, almost as long as abdomen, without setae; aedeagus also long and needle like. Comment. Gullan (1978) indicates that she found 2 types of setae on the legs, one stouter than the other. It is assumed here that the latter, stouter type of setae is what is referred to here as fleshy setae – but clearly very similar to hair-like setae. The very long fine style of this species is clearly well adapted to penetrating between the imbricate bracts of the gall induced by the female.

Published as part of Hodgson, Chris, 2020, A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males, pp. 1-264 in Zootaxa 4765 (1) on pages 105-107, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4765.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3774174