This dataset contains the ant head µCT-Sanning Datasets used for the article "Comparative analysis of worker head anatomy of Formica and Brachyponera (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" by Richter et al. published in Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 2020. In addition, the image plates from that article (in highest resolution as TIF files) and a series of supplementary 3D-volume render video files are deposited. The datasets for CASENT0709409, CASENT0709411 and CASENT0790267 are deposited as they were used in this study (with transformation to adjust the orientation of the ant head to the global axes and cropped to reduce file size) while CASENT0709419 is deposited as the original scanning result as it was not modified for the work in this article. Scanning details can be found in the materials and methods section of the article. Scanning parameters were as follows: Power (W): 3W all specimens Voltage (kV): 40kV all specimens Voxel Size: CASENT0709409: 1,1557 µm3; CASENT0709419: 1,2244 µm3; CASENT0709411: 2,5527µm3 ; CASENT0790267: 2,8337 µm3 Exposure Time (s): CASENT0709409: 25 s; CASENT0709419: 15 s; CASENT0709411: 7 s ; CASENT0790267: 5 s Source Distance (mm): CASENT0709409: -9,5038 mm; CASENT0709419: -9,5321 mm; CASENT0709411: 10,038 mm ; CASENT0790267: 13,0037 mm Detector Distance (mm): CASENT0709409: 46 mm; CASENT0709419: 43,0166 mm; CASENT0709411: 16,5043 mm ; CASENT0790267: 18,0015 mm