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اخلاق زیست محیطی یا انسان محوری: بوم نقد تطبیقی با نگاهی به سپهری و امرسن Environmental Ethics versus Anthropocentrism: Comparative Ecocriticism

Authors: Fomeshi, Behnam M.;

اخلاق زیست محیطی یا انسان محوری: بوم نقد تطبیقی با نگاهی به سپهری و امرسن Environmental Ethics versus Anthropocentrism: Comparative Ecocriticism

Abstract

از رویکردهای تازه در حوزۀ نقد ادبی رویکرد بوم­نقد است که به بررسی رابطۀ میان انسان و طبیعت در ادبیات می­ پردازد. هرچند تعداد قابل توجهی از آثار نظری و کاربردی در حوزۀ بوم‌نقد منتشر شده ­است، اما تاکنون توجه چندانی به پژوهش بوم­نقد تطبیقی نشده­ است. پژوهش پیش­رو تلاشی است برای گشودن باب چنین پژوهش ­هایی به زبان فارسی در فضای دانشگاهی ایران. شاعر معاصر ایران، سهراب سپهری در اشعارش بارها به عناصر طبیعت اشاره می ­کند. شاعر و فیلسوف آمریکایی، رالف والدو امرسن نیز از طبیعت به عنوان موضوع آثارش استفاده می­ کند. به دلیل اهمیّت طبیعت در آثار این دو شاعر، کاربست رویکرد بوم­ نقد دریچۀ تازه ­ای را بر اندیشۀ این دو شاعر و آثار ایشان خواهد گشود. اگرچه بهره ­مندی دو شاعر از طبیعت برای آفرینش هنری به شباهت هایی منجر شده ­است، امّا نگاه آن دو به طبیعت باهم تفاوتی نیز دارد که مهم­ترین آن تفاوت دید مدرن انسان ­محور امرسن با اخلاق زیست­ محیطی پست مدرن سپهری است. رویکرد بوم ­نقد تطبیقی می­ تواند با بررسی این نگاه­ های متفاوت، مناسب ترین نگاه را برای شرایط زیست­ محیطی امروز شناسایی کند و به خوانندگان ادبیات بشناساند.

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Keywords

Modern Persian Poetry, Comparative Literature, Ecocriticism, Comparative literature, Iranian Studies, American Studies, Iran, Persian Literature, Area studies, United States, Persian literature

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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