Today, I would like to start a new cycle on the tax question, debate brought to light in France by the movement of yellow vests and more generally in Europe through various movements in recent years. When I started to study the tax issue, my questioning was to understand what motivated the anti-tax revolts, in the 17th and 18th centuries : from the Fronde, to the "Bonnets rouges", from 1738-1739 to the crisis of subsistence of 1740 and the "guerre des farines", during which the rumor denounced a new "famine pact", to use the expression of Prévost de Beaumont. My line of work, questioning the french national and regional archives, was to know what motivated these crowd movements : political campaigns launching rumors and publishing libels against the monarchy, popular reaction to the royal and local edicts creating or increasing taxes, denunciation of the daily suspicion of tax officials, financially interested in penalties and levying sums higher than those due, criticism of the removal of family and business secrets, home visits, tax permanence which legally should only be temporary… At a time when the dominant economic discourse is mobilizing the writings of Adam Smith to legitimize his decision-making and his actions, I wanted to talk to you again about the" invisible hand" and another economist, Jean-Joseph Louis Graslin, an opponent of physiocratic theories, and more widely of the expanding modern liberal theories... Graslin, unknown to the public, like many heterodox authors relegated by the discipline as minor or marginal authors.