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Pflanzenzüchtung - von klassischer Kreuzung bis Genom-Editierung

Authors: Grossniklaus, Ueli; Messmer, Monika; Peter, Roland; Romeis, Jörg; Studer, Bruno;

Pflanzenzüchtung - von klassischer Kreuzung bis Genom-Editierung

Abstract

Unabhängig von der Kulturpflanze bleibt das Grundprinzip der Pflanzenzüchtung immer gleich: Am Anfang steht die genetische Vielfalt. Diese ist entweder natürlich entstanden oder wurde vom Menschen durch verschiedene Methoden kreiert. Die Pflanzen werden anschliessend detailliert beschrieben, über mehrere Jahre geprüft und schliesslich nach einer offiziellen Zulassung in den Sortenkatalog aufgenommen. Die Palette an Methoden in der Pflanzenzüchtung wurde in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten stetig erweitert: Durch Mutationszüchtung kann die genetische Vielfalt erweitert werden, und die Gentechnik ermöglicht das Einführen von Genen über die Artengrenze hinaus. Mit dem neuesten Werkzeug, der Genom-Editierung, lassen sich seit kurzem gezielt Veränderungen an einer bestimmten Stelle im Erbgut von Kulturpflanzen erzeugen.

U Grossniklaus, M Messmer, R Peter, J Romeis und B Studer (2020) Pflanzenzüchtung - von klassischer Kreuzung bis Genom-Editierung. Swiss Academies Factsheet 15 (3).

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Switzerland
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Keywords

10126 Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 10211 Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, 580 Plants (Botany)

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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