Demographic study is a pre-requisite for the developmental plan on the basis of population and population characteristics of any area. The data on population by age and sex is vital for demographers, health administrators etc. for planning and evaluation of various developmental and health program. Due to mal-distribution, diverse ways of living, high growth rate, subsistence level of economic activities and poor mental development, the economic growth is affected. It is very important for a backward district like Mayurbhanj with high tribal concentration. Here 2.51 million people reside in 3727 villages and four census towns spread over 10,418 sq.k.ms. of area (census of India 2011).The total area of Mayurbhanj comprises 6.51percent of the state and it accommodates 6.00 per cent of the state?s total population. So sustainable development programs should be initiated at war footing measures for the growth and development of this tribal district.