Background: Despite the decline in fetal maternal mortality and improving perinatal outcome resulting caesarean remains the most common surgery in obstetrical environment where the interests of his master indications with the corollary trying to streamline its frequency. Purpose: The aim of this study is to establish the epidemiological, clinical, clinical and prognostic para caesarean section at the Nouakchott National Hospital in order to improve their care and to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality associated with this procedure and develop recommendations. Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional prospective study analytical referred on 630 cesarean sections performed in the maternity of the National Hospital during the period from 1 November 2014 to 31 October 2015. Results: Analysis of the results allows us to make the following observation: the frequency of cesarean section was high in (26,70%) cases the average age was 28,17% primiparae accounted for 45,5% Caesarean performed on the uterus accounted for 63% toxemia of pregnancy ranks as one of the main diseases associated with pregnancy (23%) cases and anemia in (20%) cesarean indications were essentially: dystocia, uterine scar, the signs of pregnancy-related pathologies that Pre eclampsia and eclampsia, ovular indications and fetal distress. Maternal complications were reported in 16,82 % the intraoperativecomplications were reported in 3,96% of cases and dominated by bleeding in 64% of cases post-operative complications were 11,42% fetal complications had affected 13,16% of live births and dominated by neonatal respiratory distress (30.48%), perinatal mortality was 7,29 % and mother of 1,42%.